Dąbrowski Adam, Onopiuk Barbara M, Car Halina, Onopiuk Paweł, Dąbrowska Zofia N, Rogalska Joanna, Brzóska Małgorzata M, Dąbrowska Ewa
Private Dental Office in Bialystok, Rzemieślnicza 37, 15-773 Bialystok, Poland.
Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Bialystok, Jerzego Waszyngtona 15A, 15-174 Bialystok, Poland.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2020 Feb 22;9(2):185. doi: 10.3390/antiox9020185.
Oxidative stress underlies the pathomechanisms of toxic action of cadmium (Cd), including its damaging impact on the oral cavity. This study investigated whether the administration of an extract from L. berries (AME), characterized by their strong antioxidative potential, may have a beneficial impact on the oxidative-reductive status of the submandibular gland in an experimental model of low-level and moderate human environmental exposure to cadmium. The main markers of the antioxidative status (glutathione reductase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, reduced glutathione, total antioxidative status (TAS)), total oxidative status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI = TOS/TAS), and lipid peroxides, as well as cadmium concentration, were evaluated in the submandibular gland tissue of female Wistar rats who received a 0.1% aqueous AME and/or a diet containing 0, 1, and 5 mg Cd/kg for 3 and 10 months. The treatment with cadmium decreased the activities of antioxidative enzymes (29%-74%), reduced glutathione concentration (45%-52%), and TAS and increased TOS, resulting in the development of oxidative stress and enhanced concentration of lipid peroxides in the submandibular gland. The administration of AME at both levels of exposure to cadmium offered significant protection against these actions of this xenobiotic. After the 10 month exposure to the 1 and 5 mg Cd/kg diet, TAS was decreased by 77% and 83%, respectively, TOS, OSI, and lipid peroxides concentration were increased by 50% and 52%, respectively, 11.8-fold and 14.4-fold, respectively, and 2.3-fold and 4.3-fold, respectively, whereas, in the case of the extract co-administration, the values of these parameters did not differ compared to the control group. The results indicate that the consumption of aronia products under exposure to cadmium may have a beneficial impact on the oxidative-reductive status of the submandibular gland and prevent oxidative stress development and enhanced lipid peroxidation in this salivary gland.
氧化应激是镉（Cd）毒性作用病理机制的基础，包括其对口腔的损害作用。本研究调查了以具有强大抗氧化潜力为特征的黑果腺肋花楸浆果提取物（AME），在低水平和中等水平的人类环境镉暴露实验模型中，是否可能对下颌下腺的氧化还原状态产生有益影响。在接受0.1% AME水溶液和/或含0、1和5 mg Cd/kg饮食3个月和10个月的雌性Wistar大鼠的下颌下腺组织中，评估了抗氧化状态的主要标志物（谷胱甘肽还原酶、超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、还原型谷胱甘肽、总抗氧化状态（TAS））、总氧化状态（TOS）、氧化应激指数（OSI = TOS/TAS）和脂质过氧化物，以及镉浓度。镉处理降低了抗氧化酶的活性（29%-74%）、还原型谷胱甘肽浓度（45%-52%）和TAS，并增加了TOS，导致下颌下腺氧化应激的发展和脂质过氧化物浓度的增加。在两个镉暴露水平下给予AME都能显著保护下颌下腺免受这种外源性物质的这些作用。在暴露于1和5 mg Cd/kg饮食10个月后，TAS分别降低了77%和83%，TOS、OSI和脂质过氧化物浓度分别增加了50%和52%、11.8倍和14.4倍、2.3倍和4.3倍，而在联合给予提取物的情况下，这些参数的值与对照组相比没有差异。结果表明，在镉暴露情况下食用黑果腺肋花楸产品可能对下颌下腺的氧化还原状态产生有益影响，并防止该唾液腺氧化应激的发展和脂质过氧化的增强。
