Anderson Kristina R, Naaman Kevin, Omodior Edna, Karikari Grace, Pennington-Gray Lori, Omodior Oghenekaro
Department of Recreation, Park, and Tourism Studies, School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, USA.
Department of Counseling and Educational Psychology, School of Education, Indiana University, Bloomington, USA.
Health Promot Perspect. 2020 Jan 28;10(1):43-49. doi: 10.15171/hpp.2020.08. eCollection 2020.
Incidents of vector-borne disease have recently tripled in the United States. Chikungunya disease is a particularly common disease in the Caribbean, posing a threat to international tourists. However, the relationship between psychological variables derived from the protection motivation theory (PMT), and adoption of protective behaviors against the disease, is uncertain. This study sought to identify the psychological predictors of travelers' protective health behaviors, specifically (1) appropriate clothing use, and (2) indoor spatial repellent use. An online, retrospective survey of U.S. international travelers to Caribbean destinations measured the five constructs of the PMT in the context of Chikungunya disease: Perceived severity, perceived vulnerability, perceived response efficacy, perceived self-efficacy, and knowledge. Hierarchical logistic regression analyzed whether these five theoretical constructs predicted the two protective behaviors in respondents who met study criteria (n = 184). Results suggest that the interaction between chikungunya knowledge and perceived chikungunya severity predicts both appropriate clothing use (odds ratio [OR]: 1.95, CI: 1.18-3.25, =0.010) and indoor spatial repellent use (OR: 1.55, CI: 1.05-2.29, =0.029). In the cases of appropriate clothing use, the interaction between perceived chikungunya severity and perceived vulnerability was also a significant predictor (OR: 9.67, CI:1.23-75.80, =0.031). Additionally, indoor spatial repellent use was also predicted by the interaction of chikungunya knowledge and perceived vulnerability (OR: 1.88, CI:1.18-3.02, =0.009). : Two-pronged educational approaches may be most efficacious in increasing protective health behaviors. Such efforts could reduce incidents of chikungunya disease and other vectorborne diseases in travel destinations featuring high exposure risks.
美国虫媒传播疾病的发病率最近增长了两倍。基孔肯雅热在加勒比地区是一种特别常见的疾病，对国际游客构成威胁。然而，源自保护动机理论（PMT）的心理变量与针对该疾病采取保护行为之间的关系尚不确定。本研究旨在确定旅行者保护健康行为的心理预测因素，具体为：（1）恰当使用衣物，以及（2）在室内空间使用驱虫剂。一项针对前往加勒比地区目的地的美国国际旅行者的在线回顾性调查，在基孔肯雅热疾病背景下测量了保护动机理论的五个构成要素：感知严重性、感知易感性、感知反应效能、感知自我效能和知识。分层逻辑回归分析了这五个理论构成要素是否能预测符合研究标准的受访者（n = 184）的两种保护行为。结果表明，基孔肯雅热知识与感知到的基孔肯雅热严重性之间的相互作用可预测恰当使用衣物（优势比[OR]：1.95，置信区间：1.18 - 3.25，P = 0.010）和在室内空间使用驱虫剂（OR：1.55，置信区间：1.05 - 2.29，P = 0.029）。在恰当使用衣物的情况中，感知到的基孔肯雅热严重性与感知易感性之间的相互作用也是一个显著的预测因素（OR：9.67，置信区间：1.23 - 75.80，P = 0.031）。此外，基孔肯雅热知识与感知易感性之间的相互作用也可预测在室内空间使用驱虫剂（OR：1.88，置信区间：1.18 - 3.02，P = 0.009）。结论：双管齐下的教育方法可能在增加保护健康行为方面最为有效。此类举措可减少在高暴露风险旅游目的地的基孔肯雅热疾病和其他虫媒传播疾病的发病率。
