Manitoba Chemosensory Biology Research Group and Department of Oral Biology, Dr. Gerald Niznick College of Dentistry, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
J Dent Res. 2020 Jun;99(6):703-712. doi: 10.1177/0022034520908595. Epub 2020 Feb 28.
Severe early childhood caries (S-ECC) is a multifactorial disease that can lead to suffering and reduced oral health-related quality of life in young children. The bacterial and fungal composition of dental plaque and how children's sex is associated with S-ECC are largely unknown. In this study, V4-16S rRNA and ITS1 rRNA gene amplicon sequencing was used to compare the plaque bacteriome and mycobiome of children <72 mo of age: 40 with S-ECC (15 males, 25 females) and 40 caries-free (19 males, 21 females). Health- and nutrition-related questionnaire data were also investigated. This study aimed to analyze potential sex-based differences in the supragingival plaque microbiota of young children with S-ECC and those caries-free. Behavioral and nutritional habit differences were observed between children with S-ECC and those caries-free and between male and female children. Overall, higher levels of , and other bacterial species were found in the S-ECC group as compared with caries-free controls ( < 0.05). A significant difference in the abundance of was observed between males and females with S-ECC ( < .05). Fungal taxonomic analysis showed significantly higher levels of in the plaque of children with S-ECC as compared with those caries-free ( < 0.05), but no differences were observed with ( > 0.05). Significant differences in the relative abundance of , and fungal species were also observed between the caries-free and S-ECC groups ( < 0.05). Machine learning analysis revealed the most important bacterial and fungal species for classifying S-ECC versus caries-free. Different patterns of crosstalk between microbial species were observed between male and female children. Our work demonstrates that plaque microbiota and sex may be important determinants for S-ECC and could be factors to consider for inclusion in caries risk assessment tools.
严重婴幼儿龋（S-ECC）是一种多因素疾病，可导致幼儿痛苦和口腔健康相关生活质量下降。牙菌斑的细菌和真菌组成以及儿童的性别如何与 S-ECC 相关在很大程度上是未知的。在这项研究中，使用 V4-16S rRNA 和 ITS1 rRNA 基因扩增子测序来比较<72 个月大的儿童的牙菌斑细菌组和真菌组：40 名患有 S-ECC（15 名男性，25 名女性）和 40 名无龋（19 名男性，21 名女性）。还调查了与健康和营养相关的问卷数据。本研究旨在分析患有 S-ECC 和无龋的幼儿龈上菌斑微生物群中潜在的性别差异。观察到患有 S-ECC 的儿童与无龋儿童以及男性和女性儿童之间存在行为和营养习惯差异。总体而言，与无龋对照组相比，S-ECC 组中发现的 和其他细菌种类水平更高（<0.05）。在患有 S-ECC 的男性和女性之间观察到 的丰度存在显著差异（<0.05）。真菌分类分析显示，S-ECC 患儿牙菌斑中的 水平明显高于无龋患儿（<0.05），但与 （>0.05）无差异。无龋和 S-ECC 组之间也观察到 、 和 真菌物种的相对丰度存在显著差异（<0.05）。机器学习分析显示了用于区分 S-ECC 与无龋的最重要的细菌和真菌物种。还观察到男性和女性儿童之间微生物物种之间的串扰模式不同。我们的工作表明，牙菌斑微生物组和性别可能是 S-ECC 的重要决定因素，并且可能是纳入龋齿风险评估工具的考虑因素。
