Yu Haiyang, Sun Tong, An Jing, Wen Lulu, Liu Fei, Bu Zhongqi, Cui Yueran, Feng Juan
Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
Department of Neonatology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
Front Cell Dev Biol. 2020 Feb 21;8:86. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00086. eCollection 2020.
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disease in the world, after Alzheimer's disease (AD), affecting approximately 1% of people over 65 years of age. Exosomes were once considered to be cellular waste and functionless. However, our understanding about exosome function has increased, and exosomes have been found to carry specific proteins, lipids, functional messenger RNAs (mRNAs), high amounts of non-coding RNAs (including microRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs) and other bioactive substances. Exosomes have been shown to be involved in many physiological processes , including intercellular communication, cell migration, angiogenesis, and anti-tumor immunity. Moreover, exosomes may be pivotal in the occurrence and progression of various diseases. Therefore, exosomes have several diverse potential applications due to their unique structure and function. For instance, exosomes may be used as biological markers for the diagnosis and prognosis of various diseases, or as a natural carrier of drugs for clinical treatment. Here, we review the potential roles of exosomes in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of PD.
帕金森病（PD）是世界上第二常见的神经退行性疾病，仅次于阿尔茨海默病（AD），影响约1%的65岁以上人群。外泌体曾被认为是细胞废物且无功能。然而，我们对外泌体功能的认识有所增加，并且已发现外泌体携带特定蛋白质、脂质、功能性信使核糖核酸（mRNA）、大量非编码核糖核酸（包括微小核糖核酸、长链非编码核糖核酸和环状核糖核酸）及其他生物活性物质。外泌体已被证明参与许多生理过程，包括细胞间通讯、细胞迁移、血管生成和抗肿瘤免疫。此外，外泌体可能在各种疾病的发生和发展中起关键作用。因此，由于其独特的结构和功能，外泌体有多种潜在应用。例如，外泌体可用作各种疾病诊断和预后的生物标志物，或作为临床治疗的天然药物载体。在此，我们综述外泌体在帕金森病发病机制、诊断、治疗及预后中的潜在作用。
