成年吸烟者对电子烟产品的偏好：一项离散选择实验
E-cigarette Product Preferences among Adult Smokers: A Discrete Choice Experiment.
作者信息
Shang Ce, Weaver Scott R, White Justin S, Huang Jidong, Nonnemaker James, Cheng Kai-Wen, Chaloupka Frank J
机构信息
Ce Shang, Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Oklahoma Tobacco Research Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK. Scott R. Weaver, Research Associate Professor, Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA. Justin S. White, Assistant Professor, Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA. Jidong Huang, Associate Professor, Department of Health Policy and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA. James Nonnemaker, Senior Research Scientist, RTI International Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC. Kai-Wen Cheng, Assistant Professor, Department of Health Administration, Governors State University, University Park, IL. Frank J. Chaloupka, Professor, Division of Health Policy and Administration, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL.
出版信息
Tob Regul Sci. 2020 Jan;6(1):66-80. doi: 10.18001/trs.6.1.7.
OBJECTIVES
In this study, we used a discrete choice experiment (DCE) conducted August-October 2017 to examine electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) product preferences in a national sample of adult smokers (N = 1154) who were also using ENDS or had not ruled out future use.
METHODS
The DCE evaluated 5 ENDS attributes: relative harm; effectiveness for helping smokers quit; nicotine strength; flavor; and price. We asked participants to choose among their own cigarettes, 2 ENDS products whose attributes varied across tasks, or none. We analyzed ENDS preferences using multinomial, nested, and mixed logit regressions.
RESULTS
Smokers preferred ENDS that are less harmful than cigarettes, are effective in helping smokers quit, are lower priced, and are not menthol-flavored. The marginal willingness to pay for an ENDS product was $8.40 when less harmful than cigarettes, $4.13 when of unknown effectiveness in helping quitting ($13.90 when effective), and $3.37 when ENDS are not menthol-flavored. Furthermore, the overall flavor preference is driven by tobacco smokers, not by menthol cigarette smokers who do prefer menthol-flavored ENDS.
CONCLUSIONS
Policies that affect perceptions of ENDS effectiveness in promoting cessation and their relative harm may alter smokers' ENDS preferences. Regulating flavors and price also may influence adult smokers' ENDS preference.
目的
在本研究中，我们于2017年8月至10月进行了一项离散选择实验（DCE），以调查成年吸烟者全国样本（N = 1154）对电子尼古丁传送系统（ENDS）产品的偏好，这些吸烟者同时也在使用ENDS或未排除未来使用的可能性。
方法
DCE评估了ENDS的5个属性：相对危害；帮助吸烟者戒烟的有效性；尼古丁强度；口味；以及价格。我们要求参与者在他们自己的香烟、2种属性在不同任务中有所变化的ENDS产品或不选之间做出选择。我们使用多项、嵌套和混合逻辑回归分析ENDS偏好。
结果
吸烟者更喜欢比香烟危害小、有助于吸烟者戒烟、价格较低且非薄荷醇口味的ENDS。当ENDS比香烟危害小时，为其支付的边际意愿为8.40美元；当帮助戒烟的有效性未知时为4.13美元（有效时为13.90美元）；当ENDS不是薄荷醇口味时为3.37美元。此外，总体口味偏好是由吸烟草者驱动的，而不是偏好薄荷醇口味ENDS的吸薄荷醇香烟者。
结论
影响对ENDS在促进戒烟方面的有效性及其相对危害认知的政策可能会改变吸烟者对ENDS的偏好。对口味和价格进行监管也可能会影响成年吸烟者对ENDS的偏好。
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