Environment and Health Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Johannesburg 2094, South Africa.
School of Health Systems and Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Mar 18;17(6):1994. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17061994.
The prevalence of asthma and allergic diseases have been on the rise, especially in developing countries due to life-style changes. The study aimed to investigate the association between the frequency of fast food consumption with wheeze and asthma among adolescents. A previously validated self-completed questionnaire from the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood was used to collect information on demographics, socioeconomic status, house characteristics, adolescent respiratory health and diet. The prevalence of wheeze was 38.2% and of asthma was 16.37% among the adolescents. The results from the adjusted regression analyses indicated that eating fast foods three or more times per week was a statistically significant risk factor for wheeze (OR = 1.60; 95% CI: 1.26-2.03) and asthma (OR = 1.37; 95% CI: 1.04-1.91). The study found an association between eating fast foods three or more times per week and wheeze and asthma among adolescents in South Africa. Unhealthy diet plays a crucial role in respiratory health among adolescents; healthy eating habits are encouraged to reduce the burden of respiratory symptoms and diseases.
哮喘和过敏性疾病的患病率一直在上升，尤其是在生活方式发生变化的发展中国家。本研究旨在调查青少年快餐消费频率与喘息和哮喘之间的关联。使用经过验证的儿童哮喘和过敏国际研究（ISAAC）的自我完成问卷来收集人口统计学、社会经济地位、家庭特征、青少年呼吸健康和饮食信息。青少年喘息的患病率为 38.2%，哮喘的患病率为 16.37%。调整后的回归分析结果表明，每周吃快餐 3 次或以上是喘息（OR=1.60；95%CI：1.26-2.03）和哮喘（OR=1.37；95%CI：1.04-1.91）的统计学显著危险因素。本研究在南非发现，每周吃快餐 3 次或以上与青少年喘息和哮喘之间存在关联。不良饮食在青少年呼吸健康中起着至关重要的作用；鼓励健康的饮食习惯，以减轻呼吸症状和疾病的负担。
