Droit-Volet Sylvie, Monceau Sophie, Dambrun Michaël, Martinelli Natalia
Université Clermont Auvergne, Laboratoire de Psychologie Sociale et Cognitive, CNRS, UMR 6024, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
PeerJ. 2020 Mar 13;8:e8565. doi: 10.7717/peerj.8565. eCollection 2020.
Using an out-of-body paradigm, the present study provided further empirical evidence for the theory of embodied time by suggesting that the body-self plays a key role in time judgments. Looking through virtual reality glasses, the participants saw the arm of a mannequin instead of their own arm. They had to judge the duration of the interval between two (perceived) touches applied to the mannequin's body after a series of strokes had been viewed being made to the mannequin and tactile strokes had been administered to the participants themselves. These strokes were administered either synchronously or asynchronously. During the interval, a pleasant (touch with a soft paintbrush) or an unpleasant stimulation (touch with a pointed knife) was applied to the mannequin. The results showed that the participants felt the perceived tactile stimulations in their own bodies more strongly after the synchronous than the asynchronous stroking condition, a finding which is consistent with the out-of-body illusion. In addition, the interval duration was judged longer in the synchronous than in the asynchronous condition. This time distortion increased the greater the individual out-of-body experience was. Our results therefore highlight the importance of the awareness of the body-self in the processing of time, i.e., the significance of embodied time.
本研究采用体外范式，通过表明身体自我在时间判断中起关键作用，为具身时间理论提供了进一步的实证证据。参与者透过虚拟现实眼镜看到的是人体模型的手臂而非自己的手臂。在观看对人体模型进行一系列动作以及对参与者自身进行触觉刺激之后，他们必须判断施加在人体模型身体上的两次（感知到的）触摸之间的间隔时长。这些刺激要么同步施加，要么异步施加。在间隔期间，对人体模型施加一次愉悦的刺激（用软毛刷触摸）或一次不愉快的刺激（用尖刀触摸）。结果显示，与异步抚摸条件相比，在同步抚摸条件下，参与者在自己身体上能更强烈地感受到感知到的触觉刺激，这一发现与体外错觉一致。此外，同步条件下判断的间隔时长比异步条件下更长。个体的体外体验越强，这种时间扭曲就越大。因此，我们的结果凸显了身体自我意识在时间处理中的重要性，即具身时间的重要性。
