Kostrzewa-Nowak Dorota, Ciechanowicz Andrzej, Clark Jeremy S C, Nowak Robert
Centre for Human Structural and Functional Research, University of Szczecin, 17C Narutowicza St., 70-240 Szczecin, Poland.
Department of Clinical & Molecular Biochemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland.
J Clin Med. 2020 Mar 23;9(3):876. doi: 10.3390/jcm9030876.
Inflammation-induced processes commence with the activation of signalling pathways at the cellular level, which mobilize inflammatory cells and stimulate the secretion of chemokines, cytokines, and damage-associated molecular pattern molecules (DAMPs). Physical effort stimulates inflammation, contributing to muscle repair and regeneration. We have examined the impact of different protocols of progressive-effort tests on T-cell DAMP levels, extracellular cleavage products (fibronectin and hyaluronan), and Th-cell-related cytokine levels among soccer players. Thirty male soccer players with a median age of 17 (16-22) years performed different defined protocols for progressive exercise until exhaustion: (1) YO-YO intermittent recovery test level 1 (YYRL1, n = 10); (2) maximal multistage 20 m shuttle run (Beep, n = 10); and mechanical treadmill (MT, n = 10); and (3) shuttle-run test (n = 10). Blood samples were taken three times as follows: at baseline, post effort, and in recovery. Significantly higher post-effort concentrations of IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, and IFN-γ were observed in the Beep group, IL-4 in the YYRL1 group, and IL-6 and IFN-γ in the MT group as compared with the baseline values. Recovery values were significantly higher for concentrations of IL-4, IL-10, and IFN-γ in the YYRL1 group, only for IFN-γ in the Beep group, and for IL-6, IL-10, and INF-γ in the MT group as compared with the baseline values. Post-effort concentrations of DEFβ2, Hsp27, Fn, and UA in the Beep group and Hsp27 and HA in the YYRL1 group were significantly higher as compared with the baseline values. It seems the performed efficiency test protocols caused a short-term imbalance in Th1/Th2 cytokine levels without giving common molecular patterns. The rapidity of these changes was apparently related to specific physical movements and the type of running surface.
炎症诱导过程始于细胞水平信号通路的激活，这会动员炎症细胞并刺激趋化因子、细胞因子和损伤相关分子模式分子（DAMPs）的分泌。体力活动会刺激炎症，有助于肌肉修复和再生。我们研究了不同方案的渐进性负荷测试对足球运动员T细胞DAMP水平、细胞外裂解产物（纤连蛋白和透明质酸）以及Th细胞相关细胞因子水平的影响。30名中位年龄为17（16 - 22）岁的男性足球运动员进行了不同的渐进性运动直至 exhaustion 的既定方案：（1）YO-YO间歇恢复测试1级（YYRL1，n = 10）；（2）最大多级20米穿梭跑（Beep，n = 10）；以及机械跑步机（MT，n = 10）；（3）穿梭跑测试（n = 10）。血液样本在以下三个时间点采集：基线、负荷后和恢复时。与基线值相比，Beep组负荷后IL-4、IL-6、IL-10和IFN-γ的浓度显著更高，YYRL1组的IL-4，MT组的IL-6和IFN-γ也是如此。与基线值相比，YYRL1组中IL-4、IL-10和IFN-γ的恢复值显著更高，Beep组仅IFN-γ的恢复值显著更高，MT组中IL-6、IL-10和INF-γ的恢复值显著更高。与基线值相比，Beep组负荷后DEFβ2（此处DEFβ2可能有误，推测为其他分子）、Hsp27、Fn和UA的浓度以及YYRL1组中Hsp27和HA的浓度显著更高。似乎所执行的效率测试方案导致了Th1/Th2细胞因子水平的短期失衡，且未呈现共同的分子模式。这些变化的快速性显然与特定的身体运动和跑步表面类型有关。
