Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Faculdade de Medicina. Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde Pública. Belo Horizonte - MG, Brasil.
Rev Saude Publica. 2020 Mar 20;54:28. doi: 10.11606/S1518-8787.2020054001257. eCollection 2020.
To assess the years of life lost due to premature death and disability-adjusted life years (DALY) as a result of chronic noncommunicable diseases attributable to occupational hazard factors, and to compare their position according to the risk ranking for chronic noncommunicable diseases in 1990 and 2016.
Data for the DALY indicator, estimated from the Global Burden of Disease 2016 (GBD 2016) study, were analyzed for noncommunicable chronic diseases attributable to occupational, and other risk factors, selected in Brazil. A descriptive analysis was performed comparing the proportion of DALY by sex and age group (15 to 49 and 50 to 69 years old), as well as the ranking of occupational hazard factors in 1990 and 2016.
In 2016, ergonomic risk factors, carcinogenic agents, and noise in the workplace were among the 25 largest contributors to DALY for chronic noncommunicable diseases affecting the age group between 15 and 49 years. The contribution of all occupational hazard factors increased in 2016, except for occupational aerodispersoids affecting men. Concerning the age group between 50 and 69, occupational carcinogens stand out, with an increase of 26.0% for men, and 17.1% for women in 2016. Risk factors evaluated according to their 1990 and 2016 ranking show that occupational hazards have all scored higher on the second evaluation (2016), especially when compared with other risks.
The global burden of chronic noncommunicable diseases attributed to occupational hazard factors has become increasingly important. We suggest the strengthening of the approach of occupational hazard factors in the agendas for tackling these diseases in Brazil.
评估因职业危害因素导致的慢性非传染性疾病过早死亡和伤残调整生命年（DALY）所导致的生命损失年数，并比较其在 1990 年和 2016 年按慢性非传染性疾病风险排序的位置。
对全球疾病负担 2016 年（GBD 2016）研究中估计的 DALY 指标数据进行分析，针对巴西选择的与职业和其他风险因素有关的非传染性慢性疾病。通过对 15 至 49 岁和 50 至 69 岁年龄段的性别和年龄组的 DALY 比例进行描述性分析，以及比较 1990 年和 2016 年职业危害因素的排名，进行比较。
2016 年，工作场所的工效学危险因素、致癌剂和噪声是导致 15 至 49 岁年龄组慢性非传染性疾病 DALY 最大的 25 个因素之一。除了影响男性的职业空气传播物外，所有职业危害因素的贡献在 2016 年都有所增加。对于 50 至 69 岁年龄组，职业致癌物尤为突出，男性增加了 26.0%，女性增加了 17.1%。根据其 1990 年和 2016 年的排名评估的风险因素显示，职业危害因素在第二次评估（2016 年）中均得分更高，尤其是与其他风险因素相比。
由职业危害因素引起的慢性非传染性疾病的全球负担变得越来越重要。我们建议在巴西解决这些疾病的议程中加强职业危害因素的处理方法。
