Eating Disorders Research Unit, Catholic University of Murcia (UCAM), 30107 Murcia, Spain.
"General Defence" Hospital, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
Nutrients. 2020 Mar 27;12(4):916. doi: 10.3390/nu12040916.
Obesity is characterized by a resistance to appetite-regulating hormones, leading to a misalignment between the physiological signals and the perceived hunger/satiety signal. A disruption of the synthesis rhythm may explain this situation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of dietary-induced weight loss on the daily rhythms of leptin and ghrelin and its influence on the daily variability of the appetite sensations of patients with obesity. Twenty subjects with obesity underwent a hypocaloric dietary intervention for 12 weeks. Plasma leptin and ghrelin were analyzed at baseline and at the end of the intervention and in 13 normal-weight controls. Appetite ratings were analyzed. Weight loss decreased leptin synthesis ( < 0.001) but not the rhythm characteristics, except the mean variability value ( = 0.020). By contrast, the mean ghrelin level increased after weight loss. The rhythm characteristics were also modified until a rhythm similar to the normal-weight subjects was reached. The amount of variability of leptin and ghrelin was correlated with the effectiveness of the dietary intervention ( < 0.020 and < 0.001, respectively). Losing weight partially restores the daily rhythms of leptin and modifies the ghrelin rhythms, but appetite sensations are barely modified, thus confirming that these hormones cannot exercise their physiological function properly.
肥胖的特征是对食欲调节激素产生抵抗，导致生理信号与感知饥饿/饱腹感信号之间出现错位。合成节律的中断可能解释了这种情况。本研究旨在评估饮食诱导的体重减轻对肥胖患者瘦素和胃饥饿素的日常节律的影响及其对食欲感觉的日常可变性的影响。20 名肥胖患者接受了为期 12 周的低热量饮食干预。在基线和干预结束时以及 13 名正常体重对照者中分析了血浆瘦素和胃饥饿素。分析了食欲评分。体重减轻会降低瘦素的合成（<0.001），但不会改变节律特征，除了均值变异性值（=0.020）。相比之下，瘦素水平在体重减轻后增加。节律特征也发生了变化，直到达到与正常体重受试者相似的节律。瘦素和胃饥饿素的变异性量与饮食干预的有效性相关（<0.020 和 <0.001）。减轻体重部分恢复了瘦素的日常节律，并改变了胃饥饿素的节律，但食欲感觉几乎没有改变，这证实了这些激素不能正常发挥其生理功能。
