Di Carlo Roberta, Di Crescenzo Antonello, Pilato Serena, Ventrella Alessia, Piattelli Adriano, Recinella Lucia, Chiavaroli Annalisa, Giordani Silvia, Baldrighi Michele, Camisasca Adalberto, Zavan Barbara, Falconi Mirella, Cataldi Amelia, Fontana Antonella, Zara Susi
Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2020 Apr 1;10(4):654. doi: 10.3390/nano10040654.
Titanium implant surfaces are continuously modified to improve biocompatibility and to promote osteointegration. Graphene oxide (GO) has been successfully used to ameliorate biomaterial performances, in terms of implant integration with host tissue. The aim of this study is to evaluate the Dental Pulp Stem Cells (DPSCs) viability, cytotoxic response, and osteogenic differentiation capability in the presence of GO-coated titanium surfaces.
Two titanium discs types, machined (control, Crtl) and sandblasted and acid-etched (test, Test) discs, were covalently functionalized with GO. The ability of the GO-functionalized substrates to allow the proliferation and differentiation of DPSCs, as well as their cytotoxic potential, were assessed.
The functionalization procedures provide a homogeneous coating with GO of the titanium surface in both control and test substrates, with unchanged surface roughness with respect to the untreated surfaces. All samples show the deposition of extracellular matrix, more pronounced in the test and GO-functionalized test discs. GO-functionalized test samples evidenced a significant viability, with no cytotoxic response and a remarkable early stage proliferation of DPSCs cells, followed by their successful differentiation into osteoblasts.
The described protocol of GO-functionalization provides a novel not cytotoxic biomaterial that is able to stimulate cell viability and that better and more quickly induces osteogenic differentiation with respect to simple titanium discs. Our findings pave the way to exploit this GO-functionalization protocol for the production of novel dental implant materials that display improved integration with the host tissue.
钛种植体表面不断被改良以提高生物相容性并促进骨整合。氧化石墨烯（GO）已成功用于改善生物材料性能，涉及种植体与宿主组织的整合。本研究的目的是评估在GO涂层钛表面存在的情况下牙髓干细胞（DPSCs）的活力、细胞毒性反应和成骨分化能力。
两种类型的钛盘，机械加工的（对照，Crtl）和喷砂及酸蚀的（测试，Test）盘，用GO进行共价功能化。评估了GO功能化底物允许DPSCs增殖和分化的能力及其细胞毒性潜力。
功能化程序在对照和测试底物中均提供了钛表面均匀的GO涂层，与未处理表面相比表面粗糙度未改变。所有样品均显示细胞外基质的沉积，在测试和GO功能化测试盘中更明显。GO功能化测试样品显示出显著的活力，无细胞毒性反应，DPSCs细胞早期增殖显著，随后成功分化为成骨细胞。
所描述的GO功能化方案提供了一种新型无细胞毒性的生物材料，能够刺激细胞活力，并且相对于简单的钛盘能更好更快地诱导成骨分化。我们的研究结果为利用这种GO功能化方案生产与宿主组织显示出更好整合的新型牙科植入材料铺平了道路。
