Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
Braz J Microbiol. 2020 Sep;51(3):1377-1382. doi: 10.1007/s42770-020-00265-6. Epub 2020 Apr 3.
Antimicrobial resistance has become a global threat to public health since multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria have been reported worldwide carrying different antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs), and animals have been described as a reservoir of ARGs. The presence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria and ARGs in the food matrix is a risk to public health. This study aimed to research the presence of clinically relevant ARGs for important antimicrobials and genetic elements in fecal samples from dairy cows and calves on a Brazilian farm. In this study, a total of 21 fecal samples were collected, and then, the DNA of cultivable aerobic bacteria was extracted. Fifty-seven ARGs and twenty-three genetic elements were researched by PCR and confirmed by sequencing. Several ARGs that confer resistance to β-lactams, tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones, sulphonamides, phenicols, aminoglycoside, glycopeptides, and macrolides were detected. A total of 200 amplicons from 23 ARGs (bla, bla, bla, tetA, tetB, tetC, qepA, qnrB, qnrS, oqxA, oqxB, vanC1, vanC2/3, aadA, sul1, sul2, sul3, ermB, mefAE, floR, cmlA, aadA, aph(3')-Ia, aac(3')-Ia), and 145 amplicons from 12 genetic elements (IncF, IncFIA, IncFIB, IncI1, IncY, IncU, IncK, IncP, IncR, IncHI1, ColE-like, intI1) were detected. The results presented in this study call attention to the monitoring of antimicrobial resistance in dairy farms worldwide. MDR bacteria and ARGs can spread to different sources, including milk products, which are one of the most consumed products worldwide, representing a potential risk to human health.
抗微生物药物耐药性已成为全球公共卫生的一大威胁，因为已在全球范围内发现了携带不同抗微生物药物耐药基因（ARGs）的多药耐药（MDR）细菌，并且动物已被描述为 ARGs 的储存库。食品基质中存在抗微生物药物耐药细菌和 ARGs 对公众健康构成了风险。本研究旨在研究巴西一家农场奶牛和小牛粪便样本中重要抗微生物药物的临床相关 ARGs 和遗传因子的存在情况。在这项研究中，共采集了 21 份粪便样本，然后提取可培养需氧菌的 DNA。通过 PCR 研究了 57 个 ARGs 和 23 个遗传因子，并通过测序进行了确认。检测到了几种赋予β-内酰胺类、四环素类、氟喹诺酮类、磺胺类、苯氧青霉素类、氨基糖苷类、糖肽类和大环内酯类抗生素耐药性的 ARGs。从 23 个 ARGs（bla、bla、bla、tetA、tetB、tetC、qepA、qnrB、qnrS、oqxA、oqxB、vanC1、vanC2/3、aadA、sul1、sul2、sul3、ermB、mefAE、floR、cmlA、aadA、aph(3')-Ia、aac(3')-Ia）和 12 个遗传因子（IncF、IncFIA、IncFIB、IncI1、IncY、IncU、IncK、IncP、IncR、IncHI1、ColE-like、intI1）中检测到了 200 个扩增子和 145 个扩增子。本研究结果提请全球范围内对奶牛场的抗微生物药物耐药性进行监测。MDR 细菌和 ARGs 可传播到不同的来源，包括乳制品，乳制品是全球消费最多的产品之一，对人类健康构成潜在风险。
