Ruck Damian J, Bentley R Alexander, Lawson Daniel J
Department of Anthropology, University of Tennessee, 1621 Cumberland Avenue, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
Center for the Dynamics of Social Complexity, University of Tennessee, 403B Austin Peay, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
R Soc Open Sci. 2020 Feb 12;7(2):190725. doi: 10.1098/rsos.190725. eCollection 2020 Feb.
In the centuries since the enlightenment, the world has seen an increase in socioeconomic development, measured as increased life expectancy, education, economic development and democracy. While the co-occurrence of these features among nations is well documented, little is known about their origins or co-evolution. Here, we compare this growth of prosperity in nations to the historical record of cultural values in the twentieth century, derived from global survey data. We find that two cultural factors, secular-rationality and cosmopolitanism, predict future increases in GDP , democratization and secondary education enrollment. The converse is not true, however, which indicates that secular-rationality and cosmopolitanism are among the preconditions for socioeconomic development to emerge.
自启蒙运动以来的几个世纪里，世界的社会经济发展有所增长，这体现在预期寿命延长、教育普及、经济发展和民主进步等方面。虽然各国同时具备这些特征的情况已有充分记载，但对于它们的起源或共同演变却知之甚少。在此，我们将各国繁荣的增长与20世纪基于全球调查数据得出的文化价值观历史记录进行比较。我们发现，世俗理性和世界主义这两种文化因素能够预测未来国内生产总值的增长、民主化进程以及中等教育入学率的提高。然而，反之则不成立，这表明世俗理性和世界主义是社会经济发展得以出现的前提条件。
