Fila Mateusz, Woźniakowski Grzegorz
Department of Swine Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, 24-100 Puławy, Poland.
J Vet Res. 2020 Jan 20;64(1):1-7. doi: 10.2478/jvetres-2020-0001. eCollection 2020 Mar.
African swine fever (ASF) is an acute viral haemorrhagic disease of pigs and wild boars. It presents a serious threat to pig production worldwide, and since 2007, ASF outbreaks have been recorded in the Caucasus, Eastern Europe, and the Baltic States. In 2014, the disease was detected in Poland. ASF is on the list of notifiable diseases of the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE). Due to the lack of an available vaccine and treatment, the countermeasures against the disease consist in early detection of the virus in the pig population and control of its spread through the elimination of herds affected by disease outbreaks. Knowledge of the potential vectors of the virus and its persistence in the environment is crucial to prevent further disease spread and to understand the new epidemiology for how it compares to the previous experience in Spain gathered in the 1970s and 1980s.
非洲猪瘟（ASF）是猪和野猪的一种急性病毒性出血性疾病。它对全球养猪业构成严重威胁，自2007年以来，高加索地区、东欧和波罗的海国家均有非洲猪瘟疫情记录。2014年，波兰检测到了这种疾病。非洲猪瘟在世界动物卫生组织（OIE）的应通报疾病名单上。由于缺乏可用的疫苗和治疗方法，针对该疾病的应对措施包括在猪群中尽早检测到病毒，并通过扑杀受疫情影响的猪群来控制其传播。了解病毒的潜在传播媒介及其在环境中的持久性对于防止疾病进一步传播以及理解其新的流行病学情况（与20世纪70年代和80年代在西班牙积累的先前经验相比）至关重要。
