Chair and Department of Food and Nutrition, Medical University of Lublin, 4a Chodźki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland.
Independent Laboratory of Natural Products Chemistry, Chair and Department of Pharmacognosy, Medical University of Lublin; 1 Chodzki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland.
Molecules. 2020 Apr 3;25(7):1643. doi: 10.3390/molecules25071643.
Although numerous studies have been conducted on ginger extracts and fractions, the data on the pharmacological activity of single constituents of are still insufficient. To assess the antidementia properties of the plant, a thin layer chromatography (TLC)-based bioautography acetylcholinesterase inhibitory assay was performed on the diethyl ether extract. It led to the recognition of three active inhibitors among volatile constituents of the plant: -curcumene (A), -sesquiphellandrene (B) and zingiberene (C). The identification of the components was possible thanks to the application of a TLC-HPLC-MS interface analysis of active zones and the GC-MS qualitative analysis of the tested samples. Based on the obtained results, the influence of several extraction techniques (hydrodistillation-HD, pressurized liquid extraction or accelerated solvent extraction-ASE, shaking maceration-SM, supercritical fluid extraction-SFE, and ultrasound-assisted extraction-UAE) on the recovery of the active metabolites from plant material was assessed to deliver enriched extracts. As a result, HD and SFE, were found to be the most efficient methods to recover the volatile components and the concentrations of A, B, and C reached 0.51 ± 0.025, 0.77 ± 0.045, and 1.67 ± 0.11 percent, respectively. Only HD and SFE were found to recover monoterpene hydrocarbons from the plant matrix. The remaining techniques provided extracts rich in more complex constituents, like sesquiterpenes.
尽管已经有许多关于姜提取物和成分的研究，但关于 的单一成分的药理活性数据仍然不足。为了评估该植物的抗痴呆特性，对 二乙醚提取物进行了基于薄层色谱（TLC）的生物自显影乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制测定。这导致在植物的挥发性成分中识别出三种具有活性的抑制剂：-姜烯（A）、-倍半萜烯（B）和姜烯（C）。通过应用 TLC-HPLC-MS 接口分析活性区域和对测试样品的 GC-MS 定性分析，实现了成分的鉴定。基于获得的结果，评估了几种提取技术（水蒸馏-HD、加压液体提取或加速溶剂提取-ASE、摇动浸提-SM、超临界流体提取-SFE 和超声辅助提取-UAE）对从植物材料中回收活性代谢物的影响，以提供富含提取物。结果发现，HD 和 SFE 是回收挥发性成分的最有效方法，A、B 和 C 的浓度分别达到 0.51±0.025、0.77±0.045 和 1.67±0.11%。只有 HD 和 SFE 被发现从植物基质中回收单萜烃。其余技术提供的提取物富含更复杂的成分，如倍半萜烯。
