Zheng Yijun, Ren Weiyu, Zhang Lina, Zhang Yuemei, Liu Dongling, Liu Yongqi
Provincial-level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and The Prevention and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and University, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China.
Pharmacy College, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China.
Front Pharmacol. 2020 Mar 24;11:349. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00349. eCollection 2020.
() is a type of traditional Chinese medicine with a long history of clinical application. It is used in the improvement and treatment of various diseases as medicine and food to invigorate the spleen and replenish qi. The main components of are Astragalus polysaccharide (APS), flavonoids compounds, saponins compounds, alkaloids, etc. APS is the most important natural active component in , and possesses multiple pharmacological properties. At present, APS possess the huge potential to develop a drug improving or treating different diseases. In this review, we reveal the potential approaches of pre-treating and preparation on APS as much as possible and the study on content of APS and its chemical composition including different monosaccharides. More importantly, this paper summarize pharmacological actions on immune regulation, such as enhancing the immune organ index, promoting the proliferation of immune cells, stimulating the release of cytokines, and affecting the secretion of immunoglobulin and conduction of immune signals; anti-aging; anti-tumor by enhancing immunity, inducing apoptosis of tumor cells and inhibiting the proliferation and transfer of tumor cells; antiviral effects; regulation of blood glucose such as type I diabetes mellitus, type II diabetes mellitus and diabetic complications; lipid-lowering; anti-fibrosis; antimicrobial activities and anti-radiation. It provided theoretical basis for the further research such as its structure and mechanism of action, and clinical application of APS.
（）是一种临床应用历史悠久的中药。它作为药食两用，用于改善和治疗各种疾病，以健脾补气。（）的主要成分有黄芪多糖（APS）、黄酮类化合物、皂苷类化合物、生物碱等。APS是（）中最重要的天然活性成分，具有多种药理特性。目前，APS在开发改善或治疗不同疾病的药物方面具有巨大潜力。在本综述中，我们尽可能揭示了APS的预处理和制备的潜在方法以及对APS含量及其包括不同单糖的化学成分的研究。更重要的是，本文总结了其免疫调节的药理作用，如提高免疫器官指数、促进免疫细胞增殖、刺激细胞因子释放以及影响免疫球蛋白分泌和免疫信号传导；抗衰老；通过增强免疫力、诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡以及抑制肿瘤细胞增殖和转移来抗肿瘤；抗病毒作用；调节血糖，如I型糖尿病、II型糖尿病和糖尿病并发症；降脂；抗纤维化；抗菌活性和抗辐射。它为APS的结构和作用机制等进一步研究以及临床应用提供了理论依据。
