School of Life Science, Biocontrol Engineering Research Center of Crop Disease & Pest, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, Yunnan Province, China; Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205, China.
School of Life Sciences of Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2020 Aug 1;156:67-79. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.04.050. Epub 2020 Apr 12.
Polysaccharides are essential macromolecules that are present in all living organisms. They have a range of biological activities, such as antiviral, antioxidant, immunity-enhancing, and anticancer activities. In this study, a polysaccharide (PCPS) was separated and extracted from dry mycelium of Penicillium chrysogenum by a boiling water step and gel-filtration chromatography. Its structure was characterized by high performance gel-permeation chromatography, chemical derivative, and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses. The results showed that PCPS is a neutral galactomannan with an apparent molecular weight of 19.5 kDa. We evaluated the antiviral activity of PCPS. In half-leaf assays of tobacco plants, the protective effect of PCPS against Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) was stronger than the protective effects of ningnanmycin and oligosaccharins. Electron microscopy analyses showed that PCPS can directly inactivate viral particles. The mechanism of the antiviral activity of PCPS was explored in a preliminary study. PCPS induced the production of NO and HO to initiate an early defense response. Treatment with PCPS resulted in increased transcript levels of the genes PAL, 4CL, LPO, and increased activities of phenylalanine lyase and peroxidase, which improved the TMV resistance of Nicotiana glutinosa. Expression of the PR-1b gene was also activated during the defense response.
多糖是存在于所有生物体中的重要大分子。它们具有多种生物活性，如抗病毒、抗氧化、增强免疫力和抗癌活性。在这项研究中，从青霉素菌的干燥菌丝体中通过沸水提取和凝胶过滤色谱法分离和提取了一种多糖（PCPS）。通过高效凝胶渗透色谱、化学衍生和核磁共振分析对其结构进行了表征。结果表明，PCPS 是一种中性半乳甘露聚糖，表观分子量为 19.5 kDa。我们评估了 PCPS 的抗病毒活性。在烟草半叶测定中，PCPS 对烟草花叶病毒（TMV）的保护作用强于宁南霉素和寡糖素的保护作用。电子显微镜分析表明，PCPS 可以直接灭活病毒颗粒。在初步研究中探讨了 PCPS 抗病毒活性的机制。PCPS 诱导 NO 和 HO 的产生，引发早期防御反应。用 PCPS 处理会导致苯丙氨酸裂解酶和过氧化物酶的活性增加以及 PAL、4CL、LPO 基因的转录水平升高，从而提高了烟草对 TMV 的抗性。在防御反应过程中，PR-1b 基因的表达也被激活。
