Sheng Xiao Yang, Buthmanaban Vanitha, van Lieshout Glenn A A, Parikh Panam
Xinhua Hospital, Shang Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
J Nutr Metab. 2020 Mar 25;2020:1807397. doi: 10.1155/2020/1807397. eCollection 2020.
Healthy Chinese infants consuming one of four commercially available infant formulas (IF) were assessed on the occurrence of gastrointestinal symptoms associated with suboptimal digestion of processed milk proteins. The IF differed in blocked lysine (BL) levels, a proxy indicator of heat processing as well as the nutritional quality of milk. A cross-sectional, observational study of one week was conducted in healthy, term, exclusively formula-fed Chinese infants ( = 452) fed with one of four commercially available IF (IF A = 106, BL 9%; IF B = 119, BL 12%; IF C = 113, BL 11%; IF = 114 BL 20%). Parents/caretakers were requested to report feeding quantity, gastrointestinal symptoms, crying behavior, and stool characteristics daily using subject dairy and Amsterdam Infant Stool Scale (AISS). Infants fed with IF A reported less "hard" and "watery" stools and more "soft/formed" stools. Higher percentages of score I (yellow/golden) or II (orange) and less green (score III) coloured stools were noted for IF A-fed infants compared to all other formulas according to AISS. Night time crying was also significantly lower in the IF A groups compared to all other formulas. Furthermore, a higher percentage of parents/caretakers of IF A-fed infants reported absence or no complaints of abdominal distension, burping, flatulence, diarrhea, and constipation. Results suggest lower occurrence of GI symptoms and lower crying time at night in infants fed with minimally processed formula (indexed by BL levels). Future studies are required to confirm the association between minimal processing of milk formula and improved gut comfort in healthy infants.
对食用四种市售婴儿配方奶粉（IF）之一的健康中国婴儿，就与加工牛奶蛋白消化欠佳相关的胃肠道症状发生情况进行了评估。这些婴儿配方奶粉的封闭赖氨酸（BL）水平有所不同，BL是热处理以及牛奶营养质量的一个替代指标。对452名健康足月、完全以配方奶粉喂养的中国婴儿进行了为期一周的横断面观察研究，这些婴儿食用四种市售婴儿配方奶粉之一（IF A = 106名，BL 9%；IF B = 119名，BL 12%；IF C = 113名，BL 11%；IF D = 114名，BL 20%）。要求家长/照料者每天使用个体饮食记录和阿姆斯特丹婴儿粪便量表（AISS）报告喂养量、胃肠道症状、哭闹行为和粪便特征。食用IF A的婴儿报告“硬”便和“水样”便较少，“软/成形”便较多。根据AISS，与所有其他配方奶粉相比，食用IF A的婴儿粪便颜色为I级（黄色/金黄色）或II级（橙色）的百分比更高，绿色（III级）粪便更少。与所有其他配方奶粉相比，IF A组夜间哭闹也显著更少。此外，食用IF A的婴儿的家长/照料者中，报告没有腹胀、打嗝、肠胃胀气、腹泻和便秘或无相关抱怨的比例更高。结果表明，食用加工最少的配方奶粉（以BL水平为指标）的婴儿胃肠道症状发生率较低，夜间哭闹时间较短。未来需要开展研究以证实婴儿配方奶粉加工最少与健康婴儿肠道舒适度改善之间的关联。
