Raj Anita, Freund Karen M, McDonald Jennifer M, Carr Phyllis L
Center on Gender Equity and Health, University of California San Diego School of, Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive, San Diego, CA, USA.
Department of Education Studies, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.
EClinicalMedicine. 2020 Mar 4;20:100298. doi: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100298. eCollection 2020 Mar.
Sexual harassment of women in academic medicine may impede advancement and productivity. This study analyzes the longitudinal effects of sexual harassment on academic advancement and productivity among women.
We undertook a longitudinal analysis to predict effects of sexual harassment reported in 1995 on career outcomes measured in 2012-13, among a sample of women in academic medicine ( = 1273) recruited from 24 U.S. medical schools. Measures included survey data from 1995 on sexual harassment (predictor), and 2012-2013 data on retention in academic medicine, rank, leadership positions, and refereed publications (outcomes), captured from surveys and public records. We used multivariable models to test effects of sexual harassment on study outcomes, adjusting for socio-demographics, employment-related variables, and gender discrimination.
In 1995, 54% of women reported any workplace sexual harassment, and 32% of women reported severe harassment (e.g., threats or coercive sexual advances) in the workplace. Multivariable regression models showed no significant effects of sexual harassment. However, severe sexual harassment was associated with higher odds of attaining full professorship by 2012-2013 (AOR: 1·70; 95% CI 1·03, 2·80; = 0·04).
Contrary to our hypothesis, women reporting severe workplace harassment in 1995 were more rather than less likely to advance to full professor. Women seeking advancement may be more vulnerable to sexual harassment in academic medicine vis a vis greater exposure to those who abuse their position of authority.
NIvH R01GM088470; Doris Duke Foundation 2016D007145; BMGF OPP1163682.
学术医学领域中对女性的性骚扰可能会阻碍其职业发展和工作效率。本研究分析了性骚扰对女性学术发展和工作效率的长期影响。
我们进行了一项纵向分析，以预测1995年报告的性骚扰对2012 - 2013年衡量的职业成果的影响，研究对象为从24所美国医学院招募的1273名学术医学领域的女性。测量指标包括1995年关于性骚扰的调查数据（预测变量），以及2012 - 2013年从调查和公共记录中获取的关于在学术医学领域的留任、职级、领导职位和同行评审出版物的数据（结果变量）。我们使用多变量模型来测试性骚扰对研究结果的影响，并对社会人口统计学、就业相关变量和性别歧视进行了调整。
1995年，54%的女性报告曾遭受过任何工作场所性骚扰，32%的女性报告曾遭受过严重性骚扰（例如威胁或强制性的性侵犯）。多变量回归模型显示性骚扰没有显著影响。然而，到2012 - 2013年，严重性骚扰与获得正教授职位的较高几率相关（调整后比值比：1.70；95%置信区间1.03，2.80；P = 0.04）。
与我们的假设相反，1995年报告遭受严重工作场所性骚扰的女性晋升为正教授的可能性更高而非更低。寻求职业发展的女性在学术医学领域可能更容易受到性骚扰，因为她们更多地接触到滥用职权的人。
美国国立卫生研究院R01GM088470；多丽丝·杜克基金会2016D007145；比尔及梅琳达·盖茨基金会OPP1163682。
