Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo.
Institute of Gerontology, The University of Tokyo.
J Epidemiol. 2021 Apr 5;31(4):265-271. doi: 10.2188/jea.JE20190248. Epub 2020 Apr 18.
Previous studies have reported that financial strain has deleterious effects on healthy behaviors. Moreover, social support is expected to mitigate these effects, but few studies have investigated the effects of exercise; thus, the investigation can deepen our understanding of the relationship between social support and physical activity/exercise. We examined the relationship between financial strain and frequency of exercise, and the role of social support in this relationship in old age.
Data came from a 19-year longitudinal study conducted between 1987 and 2006 of Japanese adults aged 60 or more with up to seven repeated observations. Frequency of exercise was assessed using a four-point scale. Financial strain was measured using the responses to three questions related to financial condition. This study considered both emotional and instrumental supports. Covariates included demographic and socioeconomic factors, health behaviors, and health condition.
The analysis included 3,911 participants. The results of a generalized estimation equation model showed that among females, greater financial strain in the previous wave was associated with reduced frequency of exercise (b = -0.018; 95% confidence interval, -0.032 to -0.004), and that as financial strain increased, those who received more instrumental support engaged in less exercise than those who received less support (b = -0.009; 95% confidence interval, -0.017 to -0.002). These relationships were not observed among males.
This study provides evidence that financial strain is negatively correlated with frequency of exercise among older females. In addition, instrumental support is negatively correlated with frequency of exercise among females under financial strain.
先前的研究报告称，经济压力对健康行为有不良影响。此外，社会支持有望减轻这些影响，但很少有研究调查运动的影响；因此，这项研究可以加深我们对社会支持与体育活动/锻炼之间关系的理解。我们检验了经济压力与运动频率之间的关系，以及社会支持在老年人群中对这种关系的作用。
数据来自于一项在 1987 年至 2006 年间进行的、针对 60 岁及以上日本成年人的 19 年纵向研究，最多进行了 7 次重复观察。运动频率使用四点量表进行评估。经济压力使用与财务状况相关的三个问题的回答来衡量。本研究同时考虑了情感支持和工具性支持。协变量包括人口统计学和社会经济因素、健康行为和健康状况。
分析纳入了 3911 名参与者。广义估计方程模型的结果表明，在女性中，前一波的经济压力越大，运动频率越低（b=-0.018；95%置信区间，-0.032 至 -0.004），而且随着经济压力的增加，获得更多工具性支持的人比获得较少支持的人运动更少（b=-0.009；95%置信区间，-0.017 至 -0.002）。这些关系在男性中没有观察到。
本研究提供了证据表明，经济压力与老年女性的运动频率呈负相关。此外，在经济压力下，工具性支持与女性的运动频率呈负相关。
