Smith L Shakiyla, Wilkins Natalie J, McClure Roderick J
Fetzer Institute, Kalamazoo, MI.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA.
Syst Res Behav Sci. 2021 Jan-Feb;38(1):21-30. doi: 10.1002/sres.2668. Epub 2020 Jan 14.
The contemporary public health model for injury and violence prevention is a four-step process, which has been difficult to fully actualize in real-world contexts. This difficulty results from challenges in bridging science to practice and developing and applying population-level approaches. Prevention programmes and policies are embedded within and impacted by a range of system-level factors, which must be considered and actively managed when addressing complex public health challenges involving multiple sectors and stakeholders. To address these concerns, a systemic approach to population-level injury and violence prevention is being developed and explored by the Division of Analysis, Research, and Practice Integration in the National Center for Injury Prevention and Control at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. This article makes the case for and provides a high-level overview of this systemic approach, its various components, and how it is being applied in one governmental unit.
当代预防伤害和暴力的公共卫生模式是一个四步流程,在现实环境中难以完全实现。这种困难源于将科学与实践相衔接以及制定和应用针对人群的方法时所面临的挑战。预防计划和政策嵌入一系列系统层面的因素之中,并受到这些因素的影响,在应对涉及多个部门和利益相关者的复杂公共卫生挑战时,必须考虑并积极管理这些因素。为解决这些问题,美国疾病控制与预防中心伤害预防与控制国家中心的分析、研究与实践整合部门正在开发和探索一种针对人群的伤害和暴力预防系统方法。本文阐述了这种系统方法的理由,并对其各个组成部分以及在一个政府单位中的应用方式进行了高层次概述。