Weziak-Bialowolska Dorota, Bialowolski Piotr, Sacco Pier Luigi, VanderWeele Tyler J, McNeely Eileen
Sustainability and Health Initiative (SHINE), Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States.
Human Flourishing Program, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Institute for Quantitative Social Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States.
Front Public Health. 2020 Apr 9;8:103. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00103. eCollection 2020.
Understanding reciprocal relationships between specific arenas in life and at work is critical for designing interventions to improve workplace health and safety. Most studies about the links between dimensions of well-being in life and at work have been cross-sectional and usually narrowly focused on one of the dimensions of the work-life well-being link. The issues of causality and feedback between life and work well-being have often not been addressed. We overcome these issues by measuring six aspects of well-being for both the work arena and life in general, using longitudinal data with a clear temporal sequence of cause and effect, and by explicitly accounting for feedback with potential effects in both directions. Nine hundred and fifty-four Mexican apparel factory workers at a major global brand participated in two waves of the Worker Well-Being Survey. Data on life satisfaction and job satisfaction, happiness and positive affect, meaning and purpose, health, and social relationships in life and at work were used. Lagged regression controlling for confounders and prior outcomes was employed. Sensitivity analysis was used to assess the robustness of the results to potential unmeasured confounding. For the relationships between life satisfaction and job satisfaction and between happiness in life and happiness at work effects in both directions were found. Nevertheless, indication of a larger effect of life satisfaction on job satisfaction than the reverse was obtained. For depression and meaning in life, there was evidence for an effect of life well-being on work-related well-being, but not for the reverse. For social relationships and purpose, there was evidence for an effect of work-related well-being on life well-being, but not the reverse. Relationships based on the longitudinal data were considerably weaker than their respective cross-sectional associations. This study contributes to our understanding of the nature of the relationship between aspects of well-being in the arenas of life and work. Findings from this study may facilitate the development of novel workplace programs promoting working conditions that enable lifelong flourishing in life and at work.
了解生活和工作中特定领域之间的相互关系对于设计改善工作场所健康与安全的干预措施至关重要。大多数关于生活和工作中幸福维度之间联系的研究都是横断面研究，通常只狭隘地关注工作-生活幸福联系的一个维度。生活和工作幸福之间的因果关系和反馈问题往往没有得到解决。我们通过测量工作领域和总体生活中幸福的六个方面、使用具有明确因果时间顺序的纵向数据以及明确考虑双向潜在影响的反馈来克服这些问题。一家主要全球品牌的954名墨西哥服装厂工人参与了两波工人幸福调查。使用了关于生活满意度和工作满意度、幸福和积极情绪、意义和目的、健康以及生活和工作中的社会关系的数据。采用了控制混杂因素和先前结果的滞后回归。敏感性分析用于评估结果对潜在未测量混杂因素的稳健性。对于生活满意度和工作满意度之间以及生活中的幸福与工作中的幸福之间的关系，发现了双向影响。然而，得出了生活满意度对工作满意度的影响大于反向影响的结论。对于抑郁和生活意义，有证据表明生活幸福对与工作相关的幸福有影响，但反之则不然。对于社会关系和目的，有证据表明与工作相关的幸福对生活幸福有影响，但反之则不然。基于纵向数据的关系比各自的横断面关联要弱得多。这项研究有助于我们理解生活和工作领域中幸福方面之间关系的本质。这项研究的结果可能有助于开发新的工作场所项目，以促进创造能使人们在生活和工作中终身繁荣的工作条件。
