Department of Environmental Engineering Sciences, Engineering School of Sustainable Infrastructure & Environment, University of Florida, 1128 Center Dr, 220 Black Hall, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
Department of Environmental Engineering Sciences, Engineering School of Sustainable Infrastructure & Environment, University of Florida, 1128 Center Dr, 220 Black Hall, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA; Department of Environmental Science, International Islamic University, Female Campus, Room No. 23, Hazrat Maryam Block, H-10 Islamabad, Pakistan.
J Hazard Mater. 2020 Aug 5;395:122687. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122687. Epub 2020 Apr 13.
In assessing the biological impact of airborne particles in vitro, air-liquid interface (ALI) exposure chambers are increasingly preferred over classical submerged exposure techniques, albeit historically limited by their inability to deliver sufficient aerosolized dose. A novel ALI system, the Dosimetric Aerosol in Vitro Inhalation Device (DAVID), bioinspired by the human respiratory system, uses water-based condensation for highly efficient aerosol deposition to ALI cell culture. Here, welding fumes (well-studied and inherently toxic ultrafine particles) were used to assess the ability of DAVID to generate toxicological responses between differing welding conditions. After fume exposure, ALI-cultured cells showed reductions in viability that were both distinct between welding conditions and linearly dose-dependent with respect to exposure time; comparatively, submerged cell cultures ran in parallel did not show these trends across exposure levels. DAVID delivers a substantial dose in minutes (> 100 μg/cm), making it preferable over previous ALI systems, which require hours of exposure to deliver sufficient dose, and over submerged techniques, which lack comparable physiological relevance. DAVID has the potential to provide the most accurate assessment of in vitro toxicity yet from the perspectives of physiological relevance to the human respiratory system and efficiency in collecting ultrafine aerosol common to hazardous exposure conditions.
在评估空气中颗粒的生物影响时，气液界面（ALI）暴露室越来越受到青睐，尽管其历史上受到无法提供足够气溶胶剂量的限制。一种新型的 ALI 系统，即受人体呼吸系统启发的计量气溶胶体外吸入装置（DAVID），使用基于水的冷凝作用，可高效地将气溶胶沉积到 ALI 细胞培养物上。在这里，使用焊接烟尘（经过充分研究且具有固有毒性的超细颗粒）来评估 DAVID 在不同焊接条件下产生毒理学反应的能力。烟尘暴露后，ALI 培养的细胞活力明显下降，这与焊接条件明显不同，并且与暴露时间呈线性剂量依赖性；相比之下，平行运行的水下细胞培养物在暴露水平上没有显示出这些趋势。DAVID 可在数分钟内（>100μg/cm）输送大量剂量，优于以前的 ALI 系统，以前的系统需要数小时的暴露才能输送足够的剂量，也优于水下技术，后者缺乏可比的生理相关性。从与人体呼吸系统的生理相关性和对危险暴露条件下常见的超细气溶胶的收集效率的角度来看，DAVID 有可能提供迄今为止最准确的体外毒性评估。
