Li Mi, Xi Ning, Wang Yuechao, Liu Lianqing
IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 2021 Jan;68(1):130-147. doi: 10.1109/TBME.2020.2990380. Epub 2020 Dec 21.
Nanorobotics, which has long been a fantasy in the realm of science fiction, is now a reality due to the considerable developments in diverse fields including chemistry, materials, physics, information and nanotechnology in the past decades. Not only different prototypes of nanorobots whose sizes are nanoscale are invented for various biomedical applications, but also robotic nanomanipulators which are able to handle nano-objects obtain substantial achievements for applications in biomedicine. The outstanding achievements in nanorobotics have significantly expanded the field of medical robotics and yielded novel insights into the underlying mechanisms guiding life activities, remarkably showing an emerging and promising way for advancing the diagnosis & treatment level in the coming era of personalized precision medicine. In this review, the recent advances in nanorobotics (nanorobots, nanorobotic manipulations) for biomedical applications are summarized from several facets (including molecular machines, nanomotors, DNA nanorobotics, and robotic nanomanipulators), and the future perspectives are also presented.
长期以来，纳米机器人一直是科幻领域的幻想，但由于过去几十年化学、材料、物理、信息和纳米技术等不同领域的重大发展，如今它已成为现实。不仅为各种生物医学应用发明了尺寸为纳米级的不同纳米机器人原型，而且能够处理纳米物体的机器人纳米操纵器在生物医学应用中也取得了重大成就。纳米机器人领域的杰出成就显著扩展了医疗机器人领域，并对指导生命活动的潜在机制产生了新的见解，为在即将到来的个性化精准医学时代提高诊断和治疗水平明显展示了一条新兴且有前景的道路。在这篇综述中，从几个方面（包括分子机器、纳米马达、DNA纳米机器人和机器人纳米操纵器）总结了用于生物医学应用的纳米机器人（纳米机器人、纳米机器人操纵）的最新进展，并展望了未来前景。
