David Madalina Elena, Ion Rodica-Mariana, Grigorescu Ramona Marina, Iancu Lorena, Andrei Elena Ramona
"Evaluation and Conservation of Cultural Heritage" Research Group, National Institute for Research and Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry-ICECHIM, 060021 Bucharest, Romania.
Doctoral School of Materials Engineering Department, Valahia University, 130104 Targoviste, Romania.
Materials (Basel). 2020 Apr 29;13(9):2064. doi: 10.3390/ma13092064.
In the last few years, the preservation of cultural heritage has become an important issue globally, due to the fact that artifacts and monuments are continually threatened by degradation. It is thus very important to find adequate consolidators that are capable of saving and maintaining the natural aspect of these objects. This study aims to provide an updated survey of the main nanomaterials used for the conservation and restoration of cultural heritage. In the last few years, besides the classic nanomaterials used in this field, such as metal nanoparticles (copper and silver) and metal oxides (zinc and aluminum), hydroxyapatite and carbonated derivatives, tubular nanomaterials (such as carbon nanotubes) have been used as a potential consolidate material of cultural heritage. Tubular nanomaterials have attracted attention for use in different fields due to their structures, as well as their ability to present multiple walls. These nanotubes have the necessary properties in preserving cultural heritage, such as superior mechanical and elastic strength (even higher than steel), high hydrophobicity (with a contact angle up to 140°), optical properties (high photodegradation protection), large specific surface area (from 50 to 1315 m/g, depending on the number of walls) for absorption of other nanomaterials and relatively good biocompatibility.
在过去几年中，由于文物和古迹不断受到降解的威胁，文化遗产保护已成为全球重要问题。因此，找到能够保护和维持这些物品自然外观的合适加固剂非常重要。本研究旨在对用于文化遗产保护和修复的主要纳米材料进行最新综述。在过去几年中，除了该领域使用的经典纳米材料，如金属纳米颗粒（铜和银）、金属氧化物（锌和铝）、羟基磷灰石及其碳酸化衍生物外，管状纳米材料（如碳纳米管）已被用作文化遗产的潜在加固材料。管状纳米材料因其结构以及呈现多层壁的能力而在不同领域受到关注。这些纳米管具有保护文化遗产所需的特性，如优异的机械和弹性强度（甚至高于钢铁）、高疏水性（接触角高达140°）、光学特性（高光降解保护）、用于吸收其他纳米材料的大比表面积（50至1315平方米/克，取决于壁数）以及相对良好的生物相容性。
