Geuens Thomas, van Blitterswijk Clemens A, LaPointe Vanessa L S
MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
NPJ Regen Med. 2020 Apr 30;5:8. doi: 10.1038/s41536-020-0093-4. eCollection 2020.
Kidney organoids derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells bear the potential to be used as a regenerative medicine renal replacement therapy. Advances in developmental biology shed light on the complex cellular regulation during kidney morphogenesis in animal models resulting in insights that were incorporated in the development of groundbreaking protocols for the directed differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells to kidney endpoints. Moreover, further optimization efforts to improve three-dimensional culture techniques resulted in the creation of kidney organoids. Before they can find their way to the clinic, there are critical challenges to overcome. Here, we will discuss recent advances and remaining challenges for kidney organoids to become successful in regenerative medicine. An innovative combination of tissue engineering techniques with more refined insights in the developing human kidney will ultimately lead to more mature and functional kidney organoids suitable as renal replacement therapy for patients with chronic kidney disease.
源自人类诱导多能干细胞的肾脏类器官具有用作再生医学肾脏替代疗法的潜力。发育生物学的进展揭示了动物模型中肾脏形态发生过程中复杂的细胞调控，这些见解被纳入了将人类多能干细胞定向分化为肾脏终末细胞的开创性方案的开发中。此外，为改进三维培养技术所做的进一步优化努力促成了肾脏类器官的创建。在它们能够应用于临床之前，还有一些关键挑战需要克服。在此，我们将讨论肾脏类器官在再生医学中取得成功的最新进展和尚存的挑战。组织工程技术与对发育中的人类肾脏更精细的见解的创新结合，最终将产生更成熟、功能更完善的肾脏类器官，适合作为慢性肾病患者的肾脏替代疗法。
