Carmona-Gutierrez Didac, Bauer Maria A, Zimmermann Andreas, Kainz Katharina, Hofer Sebastian J, Kroemer Guido, Madeo Frank
Institute for Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
BioHealth Graz, Graz, Austria.
Microb Cell. 2020 May 4;7(5):119-128. doi: 10.15698/mic2020.05.715.
Autophagy is a catabolic pathway with multifaceted roles in cellular homeostasis. This process is also involved in the antiviral response at multiple levels, including the direct elimination of intruding viruses (virophagy), the presentation of viral antigens, the fitness of immune cells, and the inhibition of excessive inflammatory reactions. In line with its central role in immunity, viruses have evolved mechanisms to interfere with or to evade the autophagic process, and in some cases, even to harness autophagy or constituents of the autophagic machinery for their replication. Given the devastating consequences of the current COVID-19 pandemic, the question arises whether manipulating autophagy might be an expedient approach to fight the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. In this piece, we provide a short overview of the evidence linking autophagy to coronaviruses and discuss whether such links may provide actionable targets for therapeutic interventions.
自噬是一种在细胞内稳态中具有多方面作用的分解代谢途径。这一过程还在多个层面参与抗病毒反应，包括直接清除入侵病毒（病毒自噬）、呈递病毒抗原、免疫细胞的适应性以及抑制过度炎症反应。鉴于其在免疫中的核心作用，病毒已进化出干扰或逃避自噬过程的机制，在某些情况下，甚至利用自噬或自噬机制的成分进行复制。考虑到当前新冠疫情的毁灭性后果，是否操纵自噬可能是对抗新型冠状病毒SARS-CoV-2的一种权宜之计这一问题随之而来。在本文中，我们简要概述了将自噬与冠状病毒联系起来的证据，并讨论这些联系是否可能为治疗干预提供可行的靶点。
