Sandau Ingo, Granacher Urs
Research Group Weightlifting, Institute for Applied Training Science, D-04109 Leipzig, Germany.
Division of Training and Movement Sciences, University of Potsdam, Research Focus Cognition Sciences, D-14469 Potsdam, Germany.
Sports (Basel). 2020 May 8;8(5):59. doi: 10.3390/sports8050059.
The load-depended loss of vertical barbell velocity at the end of the acceleration phase limits the maximum weight that can be lifted. Thus, the purpose of this study was to analyze how increased barbell loads affect the vertical barbell velocity in the sub-phases of the acceleration phase during the snatch. It was hypothesized that the load-dependent velocity loss at the end of the acceleration phase is primarily associated with a velocity loss during the 1st pull. For this purpose, 14 male elite weightlifters lifted seven load-stages from 70-100% of their personal best in the snatch. The load-velocity relationship was calculated using linear regression analysis to determine the velocity loss at 1st pull, transition, and 2nd pull. A group mean data contrast analysis revealed the highest load-dependent velocity loss for the 1st pull ( = 1.85, = 0.044, g = 0.49 [-0.05, 1.04]) which confirmed our study hypothesis. In contrast to the group mean data, the individual athlete showed a unique response to increased loads during the acceleration sub-phases of the snatch. With the proposed method, individualized training recommendations on exercise selection and loading schemes can be derived to specifically improve the sub-phases of the snatch acceleration phase. Furthermore, the results highlight the importance of single-subject assessment when working with elite athletes in Olympic weightlifting.
在加速阶段末期，杠铃垂直速度随负荷增加而下降，这限制了能够举起的最大重量。因此，本研究的目的是分析增加杠铃负荷如何影响抓举加速阶段各子阶段的杠铃垂直速度。研究假设是，加速阶段末期与负荷相关的速度下降主要与第一次上拉过程中的速度损失有关。为此，14名男性精英举重运动员以其抓举个人最好成绩的70%-100%进行了七个负荷阶段的测试。使用线性回归分析计算负荷-速度关系，以确定第一次上拉、过渡阶段和第二次上拉时的速度损失。组均值数据对比分析显示，第一次上拉时与负荷相关的速度损失最大（t = 1.85，p = 0.044，g = 0.49 [-0.05，1.04]），这证实了我们的研究假设。与组均值数据不同，个体运动员在抓举加速子阶段对增加的负荷表现出独特的反应。通过所提出的方法，可以得出关于练习选择和负荷方案的个性化训练建议，以专门改善抓举加速阶段的子阶段。此外，研究结果突出了在与奥运会举重项目的精英运动员合作时进行单受试者评估的重要性。
