Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.
Biomed Res Int. 2020 Apr 27;2020:3054195. doi: 10.1155/2020/3054195. eCollection 2020.
Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is one of the most important zoonotic parasitic diseases caused by the larval stage of . Based on molecular studies and DNA sequencing, . has been classified into 10 different genotypes (G1 to G10). Two neighboring countries, Turkey and Iran, are considered the two main foci of CE in the Middle East. The current study is aimed at examining the genotype diversity of . isolated from human clinical samples in Turkey and Iran. Surgically removed human hydatid cysts were collected from East Azerbaijan and Fars provinces in Iran and Van province in Turkey. After extracting DNA, performing PCR, targeting the gene, the PCR products were purified from the gel and were sequenced from both directions. The sequences were aligned and compared, using BioEdit and also the BLAST program of GenBank. The maximum likelihood tree was constructed based on the Tamura-Nei model, using the MEGAX software. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the human isolated samples were classified into two major clades: G1 (from Iran and Turkey) and G3 (5 samples from northwestern Iran and one sample from Turkey). The mean and degree of genetic divergence (K2P) between the two major clades, G1 and G3, were 0.2% and 0.7 ± 0.4%, respectively. The findings of the current study revealed that the sheep strain (G1) and the less important strain G3 have major roles in the transmission cycle of CE in two neighboring countries, Iran and Turkey. Therefore, it is necessary to interpose the life cycle of this parasite and reduce the disease burden in livestock and humans by adopting common regional preventive and control policies.
包虫病（CE）是由幼虫期引起的最重要的人畜共患寄生虫病之一。基于分子研究和 DNA 测序，已将细粒棘球绦虫分为 10 种不同的基因型（G1 至 G10）。两个邻国土耳其和伊朗被认为是中东 CE 的两个主要流行区。本研究旨在检查从土耳其和伊朗人类临床样本中分离出的基因型多样性。从伊朗东阿塞拜疆和法尔斯省以及土耳其凡省采集手术切除的人类包虫囊肿。提取 DNA 后，针对基因进行 PCR 扩增，从凝胶中纯化 PCR 产物，从两个方向进行测序。使用 BioEdit 和 GenBank 的 BLAST 程序对序列进行比对和比较。基于 Tamura-Nei 模型，使用 MEGAX 软件构建最大似然树。系统发育分析表明，人类分离样本分为两个主要分支：G1（来自伊朗和土耳其）和 G3（来自伊朗西北部的 5 个样本和土耳其的 1 个样本）。两个主要分支 G1 和 G3 之间的平均遗传距离（K2P）和遗传分歧度分别为 0.2%和 0.7±0.4%。本研究的结果表明，绵羊株（G1）和不太重要的株 G3 在伊朗和土耳其两个邻国的 CE 传播周期中起主要作用。因此，有必要通过采取共同的区域预防和控制政策来干预这种寄生虫的生命周期，减少牲畜和人类的疾病负担。
