Phytochemical Analysis, Antioxidant Activity, Antimicrobial Activity, and Cytotoxicity of Leaves.

OBJECTIVE

This work was to evaluate the chemical constitution of the hydromethanolic (30/70 methanol-water) macerating extract obtained from the leaves of , as well as to study the antioxidant, antimicrobial, cytotoxic, and genotoxic activity of the species. . Phytochemical screening, antioxidant activity (total phenolic, total flavonoid, condensed tannins content, DPPH radical, and FRAP), antibacterial activity ( (clinical isolate), (clinical isolate), (clinical isolate), (clinical isolate)), and oxidative stress parameters (TBARS, carbonyl protein, and DCFH) were analyzed according to the literature. Toxicity of was evaluated using an alternative method, , as well as a locomotor assay.

RESULTS

The phytochemical screening test of methanolic leaves extract revealed the presence of alkaloids, coumarins, quaternary bases, phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, and free steroids. A quantitative phytochemical study indicated the total phenol (30.17 ± 1.44 mg/g), flavonoid (21.64 ± 0.66 mg/g), and condensed tannins (9.58 ± 0.99 mg/g). DPPH (345.41 ± 5.35 g/mL) and FRAP (379.98 ± 39.25 M FeSO4/mg sample) show to extract of leaves an intermediate value, indicating moderate antioxidant activity of the extract. Antibacterial results revealed only a positive result (antimicrobial activity) for the hexane fraction which significantly inhibited the microorganisms , and at a concentration of 1000 g/mL. TBARS, carbonyl protein, and DCFH demonstrate that the extract has the ability to protect the cell from protein and lipid damage, as well as the inhibition of oxygen-derived radicals at the three concentrations tested: 0.1, 1, and 10 mg/mL. Regarding the toxicity of extract against , it was found that until the concentration of 15 mg/mL, the extract showed no toxicity and that the LC obtained was 24 mg/mL. Results show that the extract leaves used to prevent PQ damage were effective in reducing flies' mortality and improving locomotor capacity.

CONCLUSION

Our studies demonstrated for the first time that crude leaf extract has high antioxidant capacity both in vitro and in vivo through different analysis techniques. These results make it possible to infer future applications in the pharmacological area, evidenced by the low toxicity observed in D. melanogatser, as well as the ability to neutralize different sources of RONS.