Korea Bioactive Natural Material Bank, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
Department of Biochemistry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 51828, Korea.
Nutrients. 2020 May 15;12(5):1430. doi: 10.3390/nu12051430.
(rambutan) is an edible tropical fruit that is widely grown in Southeast Asia. In general, the seeds contain high nutrients, but rambutan seeds are thrown out during processing. In this study, the anti-aging activity of rambutan seeds was evaluated with a new approach through the selective inhibition of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (senomorphics). Luciferase promoter assays using p16INK4A and SA-β-gal promoters for rambutan showed that its seeds possessed strong senomorphic activity. Molecular networking using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-qTOF-MS) with a tandem database (UPLC-qTOF-MS/MS) was applied to determine the chemical composition of rambutan. Based on the activity results, nine compounds, one new () and eight known kaempferol type compounds, were isolated from the seeds. Compounds , and significantly reduced the mRNA expression levels of senescence markers, such as p16INK4A, p21CIP1, p53 and SA-β-gal. These compounds also significantly increased the level of SIRT1, a longevity modulator. Compounds , and decreased the mRNA expression levels of senescence-associated secretory phenotypes (SASPs) and subsequently decreased the number of SA-β-gal-positive cells. Thus, rambutan seeds and its constituents might be able to protect against age-related problems.
（红毛丹）是一种可食用的热带水果，广泛种植于东南亚。一般来说，种子含有丰富的营养成分，但在加工过程中会将红毛丹种子丢弃。在这项研究中，通过选择性抑制衰老相关分泌表型（senomorphics），采用新方法评估了红毛丹种子的抗衰老活性。使用 p16INK4A 和 SA-β-gal 启动子的荧光素酶启动子测定表明，其种子具有很强的 senomorphics 活性。使用串联数据库（UPLC-qTOF-MS/MS）的超高效液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱（UPLC-qTOF-MS）进行分子网络分析，以确定红毛丹的化学成分。基于活性结果，从种子中分离出九种化合物，一种新化合物（）和八种已知的山奈酚类化合物。化合物 、 和 显著降低了衰老标志物如 p16INK4A、p21CIP1、p53 和 SA-β-gal 的 mRNA 表达水平。这些化合物还显著增加了长寿调节剂 SIRT1 的水平。化合物 、 和 降低了衰老相关分泌表型（SASPs）的 mRNA 表达水平，随后减少了 SA-β-gal 阳性细胞的数量。因此，红毛丹种子及其成分可能能够预防与年龄相关的问题。
