Counts G W, Gregory D, Zeleznik D, Turch M
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1977 Apr;11(4):708-11. doi: 10.1128/AAC.11.4.708.
Cefazaflur was tested in vitro against 262 strains of bacteria. Inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations were determined with two inoculum sizes of bacterial cells in Mueller-Hinton broth and nutrient broth. Agar dilution studies also were performed. When tested in agar, 5.0 mug or less of cefazaflur per ml inhibited almost all strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, and Proteus mirabilis. The drug was less active against Enterobacter and indole-positive Proteus, and 7.5 mug of antibiotic per ml inhibited approximately two-thirds to one-fourth of the strains. A concentration of 50 mug of cefazaflur per ml was required for inhibition of the enterococci. There was negligible activity against Pseudomonas. The drug demonstrated less activity in broth than in agar, and a major inoculum effect was seen with some strains. For example, with a lower inoculum, 2.5 mug of cefazaflur per ml killed all strains of E. coli, whereas with the higher inoculum, 7.5 mug of cefazaflur per ml, inhibited 64% and killed only 8% of strains. The activity of the drug for some strains was greater in Mueller-Hinton broth; for others, it was greater in nutrient broth. There were considerable differences in the results of the broth and agar studies for some species when the same medium was employed. Because of differences in activity found with different media, inocula, and method of testing, an evaluation of the eventual usefulness of cefazaflur must await the results of in vivo studies.
对头孢扎氟进行了体外抗262株细菌的测试。在穆勒-欣顿肉汤和营养肉汤中,使用两种接种量的细菌细胞测定了抑菌浓度和杀菌浓度。还进行了琼脂稀释研究。在琼脂中进行测试时,每毫升5.0微克或更低浓度的头孢扎氟几乎能抑制所有金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、克雷伯菌和奇异变形杆菌菌株。该药物对阴沟肠杆菌和吲哚阳性变形杆菌的活性较低,每毫升7.5微克的抗生素能抑制约三分之二至四分之一的菌株。抑制肠球菌需要每毫升50微克的头孢扎氟浓度。对铜绿假单胞菌的活性可忽略不计。该药物在肉汤中的活性低于在琼脂中的活性,并且在一些菌株中观察到了主要接种效应。例如,接种量较低时,每毫升2.5微克的头孢扎氟能杀死所有大肠杆菌菌株,而接种量较高时,每毫升7.5微克的头孢扎氟能抑制64%的菌株且仅杀死8%的菌株。该药物对某些菌株的活性在穆勒-欣顿肉汤中更强;对其他菌株而言,在营养肉汤中更强。当使用相同培养基时,某些菌种在肉汤和琼脂研究中的结果存在相当大的差异。由于在不同培养基、接种量和测试方法中发现的活性差异,对头孢扎氟最终实用性的评估必须等待体内研究的结果。