Nagao M, Honda M, Seino Y, Yahagi T, Kawachi T
Cancer Lett. 1977 May;2(6):335-9. doi: 10.1016/s0304-3835(77)80014-1.
Smoke condensate obtained by pyrolysis of proteins, such as lysozyme and histone, was shown to be mutagenic to Salmonella typhimurium TA100 and TA98. In vitro metabolic activation by a mammaliam postmitochondrial enzyme preparation (S-9 Mix) was required. Smoke condensates obtained by pyrolysis of DNA, RNA, starch and vegetable oil were slightly mutagenic, whereas those from pyrolysis of L- and D-tryptophan and 5-hydroxy-D,L-tryptophan were very strongly mutagenic with metabolic activation by S-9 Mix. Because of the high correlation between mutagenicity and carcinogenicity, it is theorized that the cooking of proteinaceous foods might be an important cause of human cancers.
通过蛋白质（如溶菌酶和组蛋白）热解获得的烟雾冷凝物，对鼠伤寒沙门氏菌TA100和TA98具有致突变性。需要哺乳动物线粒体后酶制剂（S-9混合物）进行体外代谢活化。通过DNA、RNA、淀粉和植物油热解获得的烟雾冷凝物具有轻微致突变性，而通过L-和D-色氨酸以及5-羟基-D,L-色氨酸热解获得的烟雾冷凝物在S-9混合物的代谢活化作用下具有很强的致突变性。由于致突变性和致癌性之间存在高度相关性，因此从理论上推测，蛋白质类食物的烹饪可能是人类癌症的一个重要原因。
