Soltani Jafar, Sedighi Iraj, Shalchi Zohreh, Sami Ghazal, Moradveisi Borhan, Nahidi Soheila
Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
North Clin Istanb. 2020 May 4;7(3):284-291. doi: 10.14744/nci.2020.90277. eCollection 2020.
To study the clinical, laboratory, and radiological characteristics of the pediatric patients infected with the new emerging 2019 coronavirus virus (SARS-CoV-2) in Hamadan and Sanandaj, west of Iran.
A descriptive study was conducted in Hamadan and Kurdistan province between March 1 to April 15, 2020. Medical records of the children diagnosed as probable or confirmed cases of COVID-19 disease were extracted and analyzed in this study. We followed the WHO Guideline for the case definition of the patients.
Thirty patients admitted to the wards specified for COVID-19 diseases. Nineteen (63%) patients categorized as confirmed by Real-Time Reverse-Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) and 11 (37%) patients as probable according to Computed Tomography (CT) findings of the chest. Sixteen (53.3%) cases were female, the youngest patient was one day old, and the oldest patient was 15 years old. 11 (36.7%) cases had a definite history of close contact. The most common symptoms were fever, cough, and dyspnea, and the most common sign was tachypnea. None of our patients presented with a runny nose. Lymphopenia and marked elevation of the C-reactive Protein observed in four (13.3%) and 12 (40%) cases, respectively. There were 10 (33.3%) cases with normal chest X-rays. Ground-Glass Opacities (GGOs) were the most common CT findings (19, 73.1%). All but one of the patients discharged without sequala. An 11-yrs-old girl expired with a fulminant pneumonia.
COVID-19 is not uncommon in children and could have different presentations. Concomitant use of RT-PCR and chest CT scans in symptomatic cases recommended as a modality of choice to diagnose the disease. Routine laboratory tests, like many other viral infections, may not show significant or specific changes. The superimposed bacterial infection seems not the determinant of clinical outcomes as most patients had a negative evaluation by specific laboratory tests for bacterial infections; got improved dramatically with a short or no antibiotic therapy.
研究伊朗西部哈马丹和萨南达杰感染新型2019冠状病毒（SARS-CoV-2）的儿科患者的临床、实验室和放射学特征。
2020年3月1日至4月15日在哈马丹和库尔德斯坦省进行了一项描述性研究。本研究提取并分析了被诊断为COVID-19疑似或确诊病例的儿童的病历。我们遵循了世界卫生组织关于患者病例定义的指南。
30名患者入住指定的COVID-19病房。19名（63%）患者经实时逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）确诊，11名（37%）患者根据胸部计算机断层扫描（CT）结果疑似确诊。16名（53.3%）病例为女性，最年幼的患者1日龄，最年长的患者15岁。11名（36.7%）病例有明确的密切接触史。最常见的症状是发热、咳嗽和呼吸困难，最常见的体征是呼吸急促。我们的患者均无流涕症状。分别在4名（13.3%）和12名（40%）病例中观察到淋巴细胞减少和C反应蛋白显著升高。10名（33.3%）病例胸部X线检查正常。磨玻璃影（GGOs）是最常见的CT表现（19例，73.1%）。除1名患者外，所有患者均无后遗症出院。一名11岁女孩因暴发性肺炎死亡。
COVID-19在儿童中并不罕见，可能有不同表现。建议对有症状的病例同时使用RT-PCR和胸部CT扫描作为诊断疾病的首选方式。与许多其他病毒感染一样，常规实验室检查可能不会显示出显著或特异性变化。叠加细菌感染似乎不是临床结果的决定因素，因为大多数患者通过细菌感染的特异性实验室检查评估为阴性；短期或不使用抗生素治疗后病情显著改善。
