Kamaruzaman Nur Azzalia, Leong Yin-Hui, Jaafar Mohd Hafiidz, Mohamed Khan Halilol Rahman, Abdul Rani Noor Afiza, Razali Mohd Fadhli, Abdul Majid Mohamed Isa
Malaysia National Poison Centre, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang, Malaysia
Malaysia National Poison Centre, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang, Malaysia.
BMJ Open. 2020 Jun 1;10(6):e036048. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-036048.
Pesticide poisoning is a global health problem, and its progressive deterioration is a major cause of concern. The objective of this study is to assess epidemiological characteristics and identify risk factors of pesticide poisoning in Malaysia.
Pesticide poisoning database of Malaysia National Poison Centre (NPC) from 2006 to 2015.
Telephone enquiries regarding pesticide poisoning were made by healthcare professionals. Information received by the NPC was entered into a retrievable database of standardised Poison Case Report Form, as adapted from the World Health Organization (WHO).
The outcome of the study is to provide an overview of national epidemiological profile of pesticide poisoning. High-risk groups of people and their circumstances were also identified to ensure that appropriate measures are strategised.
Within the study period, a total of 11 087 pesticide poisoning cases were recorded. Sixty per cent of these cases were intentional in nature and most were found among male individuals (57%) of the Indian race (36.4%) aged between 20 and 29 years (25.5%), which occurred at home (90%) through the route of ingestion (94%). The highest number of poisoning was due to herbicides (44%) followed by agricultural insecticides (34%), rodenticides (9.9%), household insecticides (9.5%) and fungicides (0.5%). In addition, 93.6% of intentional pesticide poisoning cases were caused by suicide attempts. The results of this study show that there was an increasing trend in pesticide poisoning incidents over the 10-year duration. This indicates that pesticide poisoning is a prevalent public health problem in Malaysia, resulting in an average incidence rate of 3.8 per 100 000 population.
Deliberate pesticide ingestion as a method of suicide has become a disturbing trend among Malaysians. Therefore, regulation of highly hazardous pesticides must be enforced to ensure controlled and limited access to these chemicals by the public.
农药中毒是一个全球性的健康问题，其病情的逐渐恶化是一个主要的关切原因。本研究的目的是评估马来西亚农药中毒的流行病学特征并确定其风险因素。
马来西亚国家中毒中心（NPC）2006年至2015年的农药中毒数据库。
医疗保健专业人员通过电话询问农药中毒情况。NPC收到的信息被录入一个可检索的标准化中毒病例报告表数据库，该表是根据世界卫生组织（WHO）的表格改编的。
本研究的结果是提供全国农药中毒流行病学概况的概述。还确定了高危人群及其情况，以确保制定适当的措施。
在研究期间，共记录了11087例农药中毒病例。其中60%的病例为故意中毒，大多数发生在20至29岁（25.5%）的印度种族男性个体（57%）中，在家中（90%）通过口服途径（94%）发生。中毒人数最多的是除草剂（44%），其次是农用杀虫剂（34%）、杀鼠剂（9.9%）、家用杀虫剂（9.5%）和杀菌剂（0.5%）。此外，93.6%的故意农药中毒病例是自杀未遂所致。本研究结果表明，在这10年期间，农药中毒事件呈上升趋势。这表明农药中毒在马来西亚是一个普遍的公共卫生问题，导致平均发病率为每10万人口3.8例。
故意摄入农药作为一种自杀方式在马来西亚人中已成为一种令人不安的趋势。因此，必须加强对高危险性农药的监管，以确保公众对这些化学品的获取得到控制和限制。
