Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA.
Diabetes. 2020 Sep;69(9):1917-1926. doi: 10.2337/db19-1257. Epub 2020 Jun 3.
Salivary amylase, encoded by the gene, is responsible for the digestion of carbohydrates. We investigated associations of genetic variations with general and central adiposity changes considering dietary carbohydrate intake among 32,054 adults from four prospective cohort studies. A genetic risk score (GRS) was calculated based on nine single-nucleotide polymorphisms, with higher AMY1-GRS indicating higher activity of salivary amylase. We meta-analyzed interactions between AMY1-GRS and dietary intake for changes in general and central adiposity over 5.5-10 years. We found that carbohydrate food intake significantly altered associations of AMY1-GRS with changes in BMI ( = 0.001) and waist circumference ( < 0.001). Results were consistent and significant in female cohorts rather than in male cohorts. Among women, higher AMY1-GRS was associated with more increases in adiposity if dietary carbohydrate food intake was high, while higher AMY1-GRS was associated with less gains in adiposity when the dietary intake was low. Also, in a 2-year randomized dietary intervention trial, associations of AMY1-GRS with changes in weight ( = 0.023) and waist circumference ( = 0.037) were significantly modified by carbohydrate intake. Our results suggest the importance of precision nutrition strategies considering participants' genetic adaptation to carbohydrate-rich diets in regulating general and central adiposity.
唾液淀粉酶由 基因编码，负责碳水化合物的消化。我们研究了在考虑到四种前瞻性队列研究中 32054 名成年人的饮食碳水化合物摄入量的情况下， 基因的遗传变异与全身和中心性肥胖变化的关联。根据九个单核苷酸多态性计算了遗传风险评分（GRS），AMY1-GRS 越高，唾液淀粉酶的活性越高。我们对 AMY1-GRS 与 5.5-10 年内全身和中心性肥胖变化之间的饮食摄入进行了荟萃分析。我们发现，碳水化合物食物的摄入量显著改变了 AMY1-GRS 与 BMI（ = 0.001）和腰围（ < 0.001）变化之间的关联。在女性队列中，结果是一致且显著的，而在男性队列中则不是。在女性中，如果饮食中碳水化合物含量高，较高的 AMY1-GRS 与脂肪量增加更多相关，而如果饮食中碳水化合物含量低，则较高的 AMY1-GRS 与脂肪量增加较少相关。此外，在一项为期 2 年的随机饮食干预试验中，AMY1-GRS 与体重变化（ = 0.023）和腰围变化（ = 0.037）的关联受到碳水化合物摄入的显著调节。我们的研究结果表明，在调节全身和中心性肥胖时，考虑到参与者对富含碳水化合物的饮食的遗传适应，精确营养策略非常重要。
