Department of Radiation Oncology Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, U.S.A.
Severn Health Solutions, Severna Park, MD, U.S.A.
In Vivo. 2020 Jun;34(3 Suppl):1633-1636. doi: 10.21873/invivo.11954.
In a previous study, we identified a 117 base severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) sequence in the human genome with 94.6% identity. The sequence was in chromosome 1p within an intronic region of the netrin G1 (NTNG1) gene. The sequence matched a sequence in the SARS-CoV-2 Orf1b gene in non-structural protein 14 (NSP14), which is an exonuclease and NSP15, an endoribonuclease. In the current study we compared the human genome with other viral genomes to determine some of the characteristics of human sequences found in the latter. Most of the viruses had human sequences, but they were short. Hepatitis A and St Louis encephalitis had human sequences that were longer than the 117 base SARS-Cov-2 sequence, but they were in non-coding regions of the human genome. The SARS-Cov-2 sequence was the only long sequence found in a human gene (NTNG1). The related coronaviruses SARS-Cov had a 41 BP human sequence on chromosome 3 that was not part of a human gene, and MERS had no human sequence. The 117 base SARS-CoV-2 human sequence is relatively close to the viral spike sequence, separated only by NSP16, a 904 base sequence. The mechanism for SARS-CoV-2 infection is the binding of the virus spike protein to the membrane-bound form of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and internalization of the complex by the host cell. We have no explanation for the NSP14 and NSP15 SARS-Cov-2 sequences we observed here or how they might relate to infectiousness. Further studies are warranted.
在之前的研究中，我们在人类基因组中发现了一段与严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）具有 94.6%同一性的 117 个碱基对序列。该序列位于染色体 1p 上，位于神经导向因子 G1（NTNG1）基因的内含子区域内。该序列与 SARS-CoV-2 的 ORF1b 基因中的非结构蛋白 14（NSP14）和非结构蛋白 15（NSP15）的序列相匹配，这两种酶分别为外切核酸酶和内切核酸酶。在当前的研究中，我们将人类基因组与其他病毒基因组进行了比较，以确定后者中发现的一些人类序列的特征。大多数病毒都有人类序列，但都很短。甲型肝炎和圣路易斯脑炎病毒有比 SARS-CoV-2 序列更长的人类序列，但它们位于人类基因组的非编码区域。SARS-CoV-2 序列是唯一在人类基因（NTNG1）中发现的长序列。相关的冠状病毒 SARS-CoV 在 3 号染色体上有一个 41 个碱基对的人类序列，但它不是人类基因的一部分，而 MERS 则没有人类序列。SARS-CoV-2 的 117 个碱基对的人类序列与病毒的刺突序列相对接近，仅由 NSP16 序列相隔，NSP16 序列长 904 个碱基对。SARS-CoV-2 感染的机制是病毒刺突蛋白与膜结合形式的血管紧张素转换酶 2（ACE2）结合，然后由宿主细胞内化该复合物。我们无法解释在此处观察到的 SARS-CoV-2 的 NSP14 和 NSP15 序列，以及它们如何与传染性相关。需要进一步的研究。
