Gablo Natalia A, Prochazka Vladimir, Kala Zdenek, Slaby Ondrej, Kiss Igor
1Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; 2Department of Surgery, Institutions shared with the Faculty Hospital Brno, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; 3Department of Comprehensive Cancer Care, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic.
Curr Genomics. 2019 Dec;20(8):569-580. doi: 10.2174/1389202921666191217095017.
Pancreatic cancer (PaC) is one of the most lethal cancers, with an increasing global incidence rate. Unfavorable prognosis largely results from associated difficulties in early diagnosis and the absence of prognostic and predictive biomarkers that would enable an individualized therapeutic approach. In fact, PaC prognosis has not improved for years, even though much efforts and resources have been devoted to PaC research, and the multimodal management of PaC patients has been used in clinical practice. It is thus imperative to develop optimal biomarkers, which would increase diagnostic precision and improve the post-diagnostic management of PaC patients. Current trends in biomarker research envisage the unique opportunity of cell-free microRNAs (miRNAs) present in circulation to become a convenient, non-invasive tool for accurate diagnosis, prognosis and prediction of response to treatment. This review analyzes studies focused on cell-free miRNAs in PaC. The studies provide solid evidence that miRNAs are detectable in serum, blood plasma, saliva, urine, and stool, and that they present easy-to-acquire biomarkers with strong diagnostic, prognostic and predictive potential.
胰腺癌（PaC）是最致命的癌症之一，全球发病率呈上升趋势。预后不良主要是由于早期诊断存在困难，且缺乏能够实现个体化治疗的预后和预测生物标志物。事实上，尽管在胰腺癌研究方面投入了大量精力和资源，且胰腺癌患者的多模式管理已应用于临床实践，但多年来胰腺癌的预后并未得到改善。因此，开发最佳生物标志物势在必行，这将提高诊断准确性并改善胰腺癌患者的诊断后管理。生物标志物研究的当前趋势设想，循环中存在的无细胞微小RNA（miRNA）有独特机会成为用于准确诊断、预后评估和预测治疗反应的便捷、非侵入性工具。本综述分析了聚焦于胰腺癌中无细胞miRNA的研究。这些研究提供了确凿证据，表明miRNA可在血清、血浆、唾液、尿液和粪便中检测到，且它们是易于获取的生物标志物，具有强大的诊断、预后和预测潜力。
