Varady Adam, Distel Martin
St. Anna Children's Cancer Research Institute, Innovative Cancer Models, Vienna, Austria.
Front Cell Dev Biol. 2020 Jun 3;8:418. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00418. eCollection 2020.
The zebrafish () is a popular vertebrate model organism to investigate molecular mechanisms driving development and disease. Due to its transparency at embryonic and larval stages, investigations in the living organism are possible with subcellular resolution using intravital microscopy. The beneficial optical characteristics of zebrafish not only allow for passive observation, but also active manipulation of proteins and cells by light using optogenetic tools. Initially, photosensitive ion channels have been applied for neurobiological studies in zebrafish to dissect complex behaviors on a cellular level. More recently, exciting non-neural optogenetic tools have been established to control gene expression or protein localization and activity, allowing for unprecedented non-invasive and precise manipulation of various aspects of cellular physiology. Zebrafish will likely be a vertebrate model organism at the forefront of application of non-neural optogenetic tools and pioneering work has already been performed. In this review, we provide an overview of non-neuromodulatory optogenetic tools successfully applied in zebrafish to control gene expression, protein localization, cell signaling, migration and cell ablation.
斑马鱼（）是一种广受欢迎的脊椎动物模式生物，用于研究驱动发育和疾病的分子机制。由于其在胚胎和幼体阶段的透明性，使用活体显微镜可以在亚细胞分辨率下对活体生物进行研究。斑马鱼有益的光学特性不仅允许被动观察，还可以使用光遗传学工具通过光对蛋白质和细胞进行主动操作。最初，光敏离子通道已应用于斑马鱼的神经生物学研究，以在细胞水平上剖析复杂行为。最近，已经建立了令人兴奋的非神经光遗传学工具来控制基因表达或蛋白质定位及活性，从而能够以前所未有的非侵入性方式精确操纵细胞生理学的各个方面。斑马鱼很可能会成为非神经光遗传学工具应用前沿的脊椎动物模式生物，并且已经开展了开创性的工作。在这篇综述中，我们概述了成功应用于斑马鱼以控制基因表达、蛋白质定位、细胞信号传导、迁移和细胞消融的非神经调节光遗传学工具。
