Section on Immuno-Engineering, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA.
Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2020;156:65-79. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.06.021. Epub 2020 Jun 23.
To develop new therapeutics involves the interaction of multiple disciplines to yield safe, functional devices and formulations. Regardless of drug function and potency, administration with controlled timing, dosing, and targeting is required to properly treat or regulate health and disease. Delivery approaches can be optimized through advances in materials science, clinical testing, and basic biology and immunology. Presently, laboratories focused on developing these technologies are composed of, or collaborate with, chemists, biologists, materials scientists, engineers, and physicians to understand the way our body interacts with drug delivery devices, and how to synthesize new, rationally designed materials to improve targeted and controlled drug delivery. In this review, we discuss both device-based and micro/nanoparticle-based materials in the clinic, our biologic understanding of how our immune system interacts with these materials, how this diverse set of immune cells has become a target and variable in drug delivery design, and new directions in polymer chemistry to address these interactions and further our advances in medical therapeutics.
开发新的治疗方法涉及多个学科的相互作用，以产生安全、功能的设备和制剂。无论药物的功能和效力如何，都需要通过控制时间、剂量和靶向进行给药，以正确治疗或调节健康和疾病。通过材料科学、临床测试以及基础生物学和免疫学的进步，可以优化给药方法。目前，专注于开发这些技术的实验室由化学家、生物学家、材料科学家、工程师和医生组成，或者与他们合作，以了解我们的身体与药物输送装置相互作用的方式，以及如何合成新的、经过合理设计的材料来改善靶向和控制药物输送。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了临床中基于设备和基于微/纳米颗粒的材料、我们对免疫系统如何与这些材料相互作用的生物学理解、这些多样化的免疫细胞如何成为药物输送设计的目标和变量，以及聚合物化学的新方向，以解决这些相互作用并推进我们在医学治疗学方面的进展。
