Cancer Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.95 Yong An Road, Xi Cheng District, Beijing, 100050, China.
Cell Oncol (Dordr). 2020 Oct;43(5):751-761. doi: 10.1007/s13402-020-00512-w. Epub 2020 Jul 4.
Bone is one of the most common sites for solid tumor metastasis. Bone metastasis of a malignant tumor seriously affects the quality of life and the overall survival of patients. Evidence has suggested that bone provides a favorable microenvironment that enables disseminated tumor cells to home, proliferate and colonize, leading to the formation of metastases. In the process of bone metastasis the bone microenvironment may be considered as an orchestra that plays a dissonant melody through blending (e.g. cross-talk between osteoclasts, osteoblasts and/or other cells), adding (e.g. a variety of biological factors) or taking away (e.g. blocking a specific pathway) players.
Here, we review the normal bone microenvironment, bone microenvironment-related factors that promote bone metastasis, as well as mechanisms underlying bone metastasis. In addition, we elude on directions for clinical bone metastasis management, focusing on potential therapeutic approaches to target bone microenvironment-related factors, including bisphosphonate, denosumab, CXCR4/CXCL12 antagonists and cathepsin K inhibitors.
骨骼是实体瘤转移最常见的部位之一。恶性肿瘤的骨转移严重影响患者的生活质量和总体生存率。有证据表明，骨骼提供了一个有利的微环境，使播散的肿瘤细胞能够归巢、增殖和定植，从而形成转移。在骨转移过程中，骨微环境可以被视为一个管弦乐队，通过混合（例如破骨细胞、成骨细胞和/或其他细胞之间的串扰）、添加（例如各种生物因素）或带走（例如阻断特定途径）来演奏不和谐的旋律。
在这里，我们回顾了正常的骨微环境、促进骨转移的骨微环境相关因素以及骨转移的发生机制。此外，我们还探讨了临床骨转移管理的方向，重点关注针对骨微环境相关因素的潜在治疗方法，包括双膦酸盐、地舒单抗、CXCR4/CXCL12 拮抗剂和组织蛋白酶 K 抑制剂。
