EFSA J. 2019 Dec 3;17(12):e05925. doi: 10.2903/j.efsa.2019.5925. eCollection 2019 Dec.
This report presents the results of surveillance on transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE) in bovine animals, sheep, goats, cervids and other species, and genotyping in sheep, carried out in 2018 by 28 Member States (MS) according to legislation, and by Iceland, North Macedonia, Norway and Switzerland (non-MS). In total, 1,181,934 cattle were tested by MS, a 10% decrease from 2017 and 20,402 by the four non-MS. One case of classical bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) was reported in 2018 by the UK, born after the enforcement of the total feed ban. Three atypical BSE cases (2 L-type/1 H-type) were reported by France. Over the year, a total of 325,386 sheep and 138,128 goats were tested in the EU, an increase of 3.4% and 17.8%, respectively, compared to 2017. In sheep, 934 cases of scrapie were reported: 821 classical (99 index cases and 97.8% with genotypes of susceptible groups) by 7 MS and 113 atypical (105 index cases) by 14 MS. Twenty-nine ovine scrapie cases were reported by Iceland and Norway. Random genotyping was only reported by eight MS and after excluding Cyprus showed that 18.7% of the genotyped sheep carried genotypes of the susceptible groups. In goats, 523 cases of scrapie were reported: 517 classical (38 index cases) by seven MS and six atypical (all index cases) by four MS. The heterogenous enforcement of a 3-year surveillance programme for chronic wasting disease (CWD) from 1/1/2018 in six MS (Estonia, Finland, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland and Sweden) resulted in the testing of 5,110 cervids and the confirmation of the first case of CWD in the EU: a wild moose in Finland. Other six MS tested 3,075 cervids with no positive results. Norway tested 33,037 cervids in 2018, resulting in seven new cases: six reindeer and one moose. In total, 105 animals from three other species were tested by two MS, with negative results.
本报告介绍了2018年28个成员国根据相关法规以及冰岛、北马其顿、挪威和瑞士（非成员国）对牛、羊、山羊、鹿及其他物种的传染性海绵状脑病（TSE）进行监测以及对绵羊进行基因分型的结果。成员国共检测了1,181,934头牛，比2017年减少了10%，四个非成员国检测了20,402头。英国报告了1例2018年出生的经典牛海绵状脑病（BSE）病例，该病例是在全面饲料禁令实施后出生的。法国报告了3例非典型BSE病例（2例L型/1例H型）。这一年，欧盟共检测了325,386只绵羊和138,128只山羊，与2017年相比分别增加了3.4%和17.8%。在绵羊方面，报告了934例羊瘙痒病病例：7个成员国报告了821例经典病例（99例索引病例，97.8%为易感群体基因型），14个成员国报告了113例非典型病例（105例索引病例）。冰岛和挪威报告了29例羊瘙痒病病例。只有8个成员国报告了随机基因分型情况，排除塞浦路斯后显示，18.7%的基因分型绵羊携带易感群体基因型。在山羊方面，报告了523例羊瘙痒病病例：7个成员国报告了517例经典病例（38例索引病例），4个成员国报告了6例非典型病例（均为索引病例）。2018年1月1日起，六个成员国（爱沙尼亚、芬兰、拉脱维亚、立陶宛、波兰和瑞典）对慢性消耗病（CWD）实施了为期三年的监测计划，但执行情况参差不齐，共检测了5,110头鹿，并确认了欧盟首例CWD病例：芬兰的一头野生驼鹿。其他六个成员国检测了3,075头鹿，结果均为阴性。挪威在2018年检测了33,037头鹿，发现了7例新病例：6头驯鹿和1头驼鹿。两个成员国共检测了来自其他三个物种的105只动物，结果均为阴性。
