Echtermann Thomas, Müntener Cedric, Sidler Xaver, Kümmerlen Dolf
Division of Swine Medicine, Vetsuisse-Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Institute for Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Vetsuisse-Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Vet Rec Open. 2020 Jun 29;7(1):e000389. doi: 10.1136/vetreco-2019-000389. eCollection 2020.
In 2015, in Switzerland the Suissano Health Programme was implemented in pig production to improve transparency for antimicrobial usage (AMU) and to reduce the usage of fluoroquinolones (FQ), macrolides and cephalosporins, representing highest priority critically important antimicrobials.
In the presented cohort study, the impact of the Suissano programme on the AMU of 291 pig farms between 2016 and 2017 was investigated. AMU was calculated in total numbers of defined course doses (nDCDch) for all farms in the programme. For each single farm the nDCDch/animal/year was determined for four different age categories (suckling piglets, weaned piglets, fattening pigs, sows) as well as each antimicrobial substance separately. Trends between 2016 and 2017 were investigated for all farms as well as the 25 per cent with the highest usage of antimicrobials (high users) separately.
Total AMU measured in nDCDch declined by 23 per cent between 2016 and 2017, but statistically significant differences could not be observed when comparing the data sets of the individual farms. A significantly reduced usage of FQ could be demonstrated in suckling piglets (P=0.003), weaned piglets (P=0.006) and sows (P=0.008) in 2017 compared with 2016. For high users, a significant reduction of total AMU could be shown in suckling piglets (P=0.02), weaned piglets (P=0.0004) and fattening pigs (P=0.01).
This study demonstrated a significant reduction in the usage of FQs in suckling piglets, weaned piglets and sows as well as total AMU in suckling piglets, weaned piglets and fattening pigs on high-usage farms.
2015年，瑞士在生猪养殖中实施了瑞士诺健康计划，以提高抗菌药物使用（AMU）的透明度，并减少氟喹诺酮类（FQ）、大环内酯类和头孢菌素类药物的使用，这些药物是最重要的优先关键抗菌药物。
在本队列研究中，调查了2016年至2017年瑞士诺计划对291个猪场抗菌药物使用情况的影响。通过计算该计划中所有猪场的规定疗程剂量总数（nDCDch）来确定抗菌药物使用量。对于每个猪场，分别确定了四个不同年龄类别（哺乳仔猪、断奶仔猪、育肥猪、母猪）以及每种抗菌物质的每头动物每年的nDCDch。分别调查了所有猪场以及抗菌药物使用量最高的25%猪场（高用量猪场）在2016年至2017年期间的变化趋势。
以nDCDch衡量的总抗菌药物使用量在2016年至2017年期间下降了23%，但比较各个猪场的数据集时未观察到统计学上的显著差异。与2016年相比，2017年哺乳仔猪（P=0.003）、断奶仔猪（P=0.006）和母猪（P=0.008）中FQ的使用量显著减少。对于高用量猪场，哺乳仔猪（P=0.02）、断奶仔猪（P=0.0004）和育肥猪（P=0.01）的总抗菌药物使用量显著减少。
本研究表明，高用量猪场中哺乳仔猪、断奶仔猪和母猪的FQ使用量以及哺乳仔猪、断奶仔猪和育肥猪的总抗菌药物使用量显著减少。
