Alberti Alice, Morandi Paolo, Zotti Beatrice, Tironi Francesco, Francetti Luca, Taschieri Silvio, Corbella Stefano
Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Universitaà degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy.
IRCCS Galeazzi Orthopedic Institute, 20161 Milan, Italy.
Dent J (Basel). 2020 Jul 4;8(3):70. doi: 10.3390/dj8030070.
Diabetes is an important modifying factor of periodontitis, but its association with peri-implant diseases has not been fully explored and the existing literature reports controversial results. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the influence of diabetes on peri-implantitis and implant failure. Smoking status, history of periodontal disease, presence of diabetes, diabetes type, therapy and glycaemia levels were collected in a total of 204 subjects treated with 929 implants, with a mean follow-up time of 5.7 ± 3.82 years after loading. Odds ratio (OR) for diabetes as a direct cause of peri-implantitis and implant failure were calculated, adjusted for smoking status and history of periodontitis. Nineteen patients were diabetic and most of them presented a good control of the disease at the time of surgery. The overall patient-level prevalence of peri-implantitis was 11.3%. Among diabetic patients, one developed peri-implantitis, whereas one experienced multiple implant failures. The calculated ORs, adjusted for smoking status and periodontitis, were not statistically significant. The results revealed no association between diabetes and peri-implantitis or implant failure coherently with the existing scientific literature. The actual influence of hyperglycemia on implant failure is still uncertain and new studies with larger cohorts of patients are needed.
糖尿病是牙周炎的一个重要影响因素，但其与种植体周围疾病的关联尚未得到充分研究，现有文献报道的结果存在争议。这项回顾性研究的目的是评估糖尿病对种植体周围炎和种植体失败的影响。收集了总共204例接受929颗种植体治疗的患者的吸烟状况、牙周疾病史、糖尿病情况、糖尿病类型、治疗情况和血糖水平，平均随访时间为种植体植入后5.7±3.82年。计算了将糖尿病作为种植体周围炎和种植体失败直接原因的优势比（OR），并根据吸烟状况和牙周疾病史进行了调整。19例患者患有糖尿病，其中大多数在手术时疾病控制良好。种植体周围炎的总体患者患病率为11.3%。在糖尿病患者中，1例发生了种植体周围炎，而1例经历了多次种植体失败。经吸烟状况和牙周炎调整后的计算OR无统计学意义。结果表明，与现有科学文献一致，糖尿病与种植体周围炎或种植体失败之间无关联。高血糖对种植体失败的实际影响仍不确定，需要对更多患者群体进行新的研究。
