Ali Rachmat Attoumane Ben, Harraqui Khouloud, Hannoun Zineb, Monir Mouhidine, Samir Mohamed, Anssoufouddine Mohamed, Bour Abdellatif
Laboratoire des Essais Biologiques, Equipe de Transition Alimentaire et Nutritionnelle, Faculté des Sciences, Université Ibn Tofail, BP 133, Kenitra 14000, Morocco.
Unité de Recherche de Décentralisation et Cohésion Sociale, Faculté de Droit et des Sciences Economiques, Université des Comores, BP 2585 Moroni, Union des Comores.
Pan Afr Med J. 2020 Mar 25;35:89. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2020.35.89.19043. eCollection 2020.
Overweight and obesity has been increasing at an alarming rate, in particular in the developing countries. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of underweight and overweight and to assess the relationship between body mass index and cardiovascular risk factors in adults living in the island of Anjouan.
We conducted a cross-sectional study involving a sample of 902 individuals aged 25 to 64 years using the empirical survey based on "quota sampling". Nutritional status was determined by calculating the body mass index, the abdominal circumference and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR). Blood pressure, abdominal circumference and hip circumference were measured during the interview while capillary fasting blood glucose was measured the next day.
The results show an average age of 39.5 ± 11.67 years. The overall prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity was 4.1%, 28.6% and 22.2% respectively. The risk factors associated with overweight/obesity were: advanced age (p= 0.004), gender (p=0.000), weight (p=0.000), diabetes (p= 0.006), hypertension (p= 0.01), abdominal obesity (p= 0.000), hip circumference (p=0.000), WHR (p=0.000), time of inactivity/day (p=0.001) and smoking (p< 0.05), in contrast to physical inactivity (p= 0.10).
These results confirm the presence of a double burden of nutrition. Hence the urgency to implement preventive measures for noncommunicable diseases.
超重和肥胖现象正以惊人的速度增长，尤其是在发展中国家。本研究的目的是确定体重过轻和超重的患病率，并评估昂儒昂岛成年人体重指数与心血管危险因素之间的关系。
我们采用基于“配额抽样”的实证调查，对902名年龄在25至64岁之间的个体进行了横断面研究。通过计算体重指数、腹围和腰臀比（WHR）来确定营养状况。在访谈期间测量血压、腹围和臀围，次日测量空腹毛细血管血糖。
结果显示平均年龄为39.5±11.67岁。体重过轻、超重和肥胖的总体患病率分别为4.1%、28.6%和22.2%。与超重/肥胖相关的危险因素有：高龄（p=0.004）、性别（p=0.000）、体重（p=0.000）、糖尿病（p=0.006）、高血压（p=0.01）、腹部肥胖（p=0.000）、臀围（p=0.000）、腰臀比（p=0.000）、每日不活动时间（p=0.001）和吸烟（p<0.05），而身体不活动与之无关（p=0.10）。
这些结果证实了营养双重负担的存在。因此，迫切需要实施非传染性疾病的预防措施。
