Sargent College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Boston University, MA.
Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, MA.
Am J Speech Lang Pathol. 2020 Aug 4;29(3):1674-1701. doi: 10.1044/2020_AJSLP-19-00050. Epub 2020 Jul 8.
Purpose Functional brain imaging is playing an increasingly important role in the diagnosis and treatment of communication disorders, yet many populations and settings are incompatible with functional magnetic resonance imaging and other commonly used techniques. We conducted a systematic review of neuroimaging studies using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) with individuals with speech or language impairment across the life span. We aimed to answer the following question: To what extent has fNIRS been used to investigate the neural correlates of speech-language impairment? Method This systematic review was preregistered with PROSPERO, the international prospective register of systematic reviews (CRD42019136464). We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol for preferred reporting items for systematic reviews. The database searches were conducted between February and March of 2019 with the following search terms: (a) fNIRS or functional near-infrared spectroscopy or NIRS or near-infrared spectroscopy, (b) speech or language, and (c) disorder or impairment or delay. Results We found 34 fNIRS studies that involved individuals with speech or language impairment across nine categories: (a) autism spectrum disorders; (b) developmental speech and language disorders; (c) cochlear implantation and deafness; (d) dementia, dementia of the Alzheimer's type, and mild cognitive impairment; (e) locked-in syndrome; (f) neurologic speech disorders/dysarthria; (g) stroke/aphasia; (h) stuttering; and (i) traumatic brain injury. Conclusions Though it is not without inherent challenges, fNIRS may have advantages over other neuroimaging techniques in the areas of speech and language impairment. fNIRS has clinical applications that may lead to improved early and differential diagnosis, increase our understanding of response to treatment, improve neuroprosthetic functioning, and advance neurofeedback.
目的 功能脑成像在沟通障碍的诊断和治疗中发挥着越来越重要的作用，但许多人群和环境与功能磁共振成像和其他常用技术不兼容。我们对使用功能近红外光谱 (fNIRS) 对整个生命周期中存在言语或语言障碍的个体进行的神经影像学研究进行了系统回顾。我们旨在回答以下问题：fNIRS 在多大程度上被用于研究言语语言障碍的神经相关性？
方法 本系统评价在 PROSPERO（国际前瞻性系统评价注册库）中预先注册，国际前瞻性系统评价注册库（CRD42019136464）。我们遵循系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）协议，即系统评价的首选报告项目。数据库搜索于 2019 年 2 月至 3 月进行，使用以下搜索词：(a) fNIRS 或功能近红外光谱或 NIRS 或近红外光谱，(b) 言语或语言，和 (c) 障碍或损伤或延迟。
结果 我们发现了 34 项涉及言语或语言障碍个体的 fNIRS 研究，分为以下九个类别：(a) 自闭症谱系障碍；(b) 发育性言语和语言障碍；(c) 耳蜗植入和耳聋；(d) 痴呆、阿尔茨海默病型痴呆和轻度认知障碍；(e) 闭锁综合征；(f) 神经言语障碍/构音障碍；(g) 中风/失语症；(h) 口吃；和 (i) 脑外伤。
结论 尽管它并非没有内在的挑战，但 fNIRS 可能在言语和语言障碍领域具有优于其他神经影像学技术的优势。fNIRS 具有临床应用，可能导致早期和鉴别诊断的改善，增加我们对治疗反应的理解，改善神经假体的功能，并促进神经反馈。
