Ekpo Daniel Emmanuel, Joshua Parker Elijah, Ogidigo Joyce Oloaigbe, Nwodo Okwesilieze Fred Chiletugo
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, 410001, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria.
Bioresources Development Centre, National Biotechnology Development Agency (NABDA), Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Nigeria.
Heliyon. 2020 Jul 1;6(7):e04154. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04154. eCollection 2020 Jul.
P. Beauv. (Icacinaceae) is a traditional Nigerian medicinal plant used for treatment of ulcers, diarrhea, parasitic infections and diabetes. This study was aimed at characterizing the bioactive principles extractable from the flavonoid-rich fraction of leaves (LAFRF), and to evaluate its effects on renal and cardiac functions. Isolation, and purification of the LAFRF was achieved using standard methods. The antioxidant activity was evaluated on DPPH∗ and ferric reducing antioxidant potential (FRAP). The total flavonoids (281.05 ± 7.44 mg QE/g), were identified, structurally characterized and quantified using high resolution ultra-performance liquid chromatography, in tandem with quadrupole-time-of-flight electrospray ionization mass spectrometer (UPLC-PDA-QTOF-ESI-MS/MS). Fifty Wistar rats of both sexes (110-130 g), were distributed into 10 groups (n = 5). Groups 1 and 2 served as the normal and CCl controls respectively. Groups 3A-6B constituted the preventive and curative studies. The effects of the LAFRF at 3, 10, and 30 mg/kg body weight on urea and creatinine concentrations, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and creatine kinase (CK) activities of CCl-intoxicated rats were assessed. The LAFRF displayed remarkable antioxidant property by scavenging the DPPH∗, with an IC of 5.40 ± 0.00 μg/ml which is more potent than the scavenging activity of the ascorbic acid (IC of 7.18 ± 0.00 μg/ml), and also effectively reduced Fe to Fe when compared to gallic acid. The UPLC-PDA-QTOF-ESI-MS/MS fingerprint of the LAFRF indicated presence of quercetin (758983.6 mg/kg), rutin (17540.4 mg/kg), luteolin (126524.3 mg/kg), isorhamnetin (197949.0 mg/kg), and other non-phenolic compounds. The LAFRF significantly (p < 0.05) improved renal function, and normalized cardiac enzyme activities . The ability of the LAFRF to scavenge the DPPH and Fe radicals, improve renal and cardiac functions following CCl intoxication shows its potential in the development of alternative therapy for combating oxidative stress-related complications.
博韦假柴龙树（茶茱萸科）是尼日利亚一种传统药用植物，用于治疗溃疡、腹泻、寄生虫感染和糖尿病。本研究旨在表征从富含黄酮类化合物的叶部分（LAFRF）中可提取的生物活性成分，并评估其对肾功能和心功能的影响。采用标准方法对LAFRF进行分离和纯化。通过DPPH和铁还原抗氧化能力（FRAP）评估抗氧化活性。使用高分辨率超高效液相色谱串联四极杆-飞行时间电喷雾电离质谱仪（UPLC-PDA-QTOF-ESI-MS/MS）对总黄酮（281.05±7.44mg QE/g）进行鉴定、结构表征和定量。将50只体重110 - 130g的Wistar大鼠分为10组（n = 5）。第1组和第2组分别作为正常对照组和CCl对照组。第3A - 6B组构成预防和治疗研究组。评估了LAFRF在3、10和30mg/kg体重剂量下对CCl中毒大鼠尿素和肌酐浓度、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）和肌酸激酶（CK）活性的影响。LAFRF通过清除DPPH表现出显著的抗氧化特性，其IC50为5.40±0.00μg/ml，比抗坏血酸的清除活性（IC50为7.18±0.00μg/ml）更强，并且与没食子酸相比，在将Fe3+还原为Fe2+方面也更有效。LAFRF的UPLC-PDA-QTOF-ESI-MS/MS指纹图谱表明存在槲皮素（758983.6mg/kg）、芦丁（17540.4mg/kg）、木犀草素（126524.3mg/kg）、异鼠李素（197949.0mg/kg）和其他非酚类化合物。LAFRF显著（p < 0.05）改善了肾功能，并使心脏酶活性恢复正常。LAFRF清除DPPH和Fe自由基、改善CCl中毒后肾功能和心功能的能力表明其在开发对抗氧化应激相关并发症的替代疗法方面具有潜力。
