Malassigné Simon, Valiente Moro Claire, Luis Patricia
Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR Ecologie Microbienne, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France.
Pathogens. 2020 Jul 12;9(7):564. doi: 10.3390/pathogens9070564.
The growing expansion of mosquito vectors leads to the emergence of vector-borne diseases in new geographic areas and causes major public health concerns. In the absence of effective preventive treatments against most pathogens transmitted, vector control remains one of the most suitable strategies to prevent mosquito-borne diseases. Insecticide overuse raises mosquito resistance and deleterious impacts on the environment and non-target species. Growing knowledge of mosquito biology has allowed the development of alternative control methods. Following the concept of holobiont, mosquito-microbiota interactions play an important role in mosquito biology. Associated microbiota is known to influence many aspects of mosquito biology such as development, survival, immunity or even vector competence. Mosquito-associated microbiota is composed of bacteria, fungi, protists, viruses and nematodes. While an increasing number of studies have focused on bacteria, other microbial partners like fungi have been largely neglected despite their huge diversity. A better knowledge of mosquito-mycobiota interactions offers new opportunities to develop innovative mosquito control strategies. Here, we review the recent advances concerning the impact of mosquito-associated fungi, and particularly nonpathogenic fungi, on life-history traits (development, survival, reproduction), vector competence and behavior of mosquitoes by focusing on , and species.
蚊媒的不断扩散导致新地理区域出现媒介传播疾病，并引发重大公共卫生问题。由于缺乏针对大多数传播病原体的有效预防性治疗方法，病媒控制仍然是预防蚊媒疾病的最合适策略之一。过度使用杀虫剂会增强蚊子的抗药性，并对环境和非目标物种产生有害影响。对蚊子生物学认识的不断深入促使了替代控制方法的发展。根据共生生物的概念，蚊子与微生物群的相互作用在蚊子生物学中起着重要作用。已知相关微生物群会影响蚊子生物学的许多方面，如发育、生存、免疫甚至传播能力。与蚊子相关的微生物群由细菌、真菌、原生生物、病毒和线虫组成。虽然越来越多的研究集中在细菌上，但其他微生物伙伴，如真菌，尽管种类繁多，却在很大程度上被忽视了。更好地了解蚊子与真菌群的相互作用为开发创新的蚊子控制策略提供了新机会。在此，我们通过关注伊蚊、库蚊和按蚊物种，综述了有关蚊子相关真菌，特别是非致病性真菌，对蚊子生活史特征（发育、生存、繁殖）、传播能力和行为影响的最新进展。
