Castro Tapia María Paz, Madariaga Burrows Ricardo P, Ruiz Sepúlveda Braulio, Vargas Concha Marisol, Vera Palma Carola, Moya-Elizondo Ernesto A
Departamento de Producción Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, Chile.
National Agricultural Research Institute, INIA Quilamapu, Chillán, Chile.
Front Plant Sci. 2020 Jun 25;11:951. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00951. eCollection 2020.
Seed treatments with antagonistic bacteria could reduce the severity of crown and root rot diseases in wheat crops. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential antagonistic activity of a bacterial consortium of three Chilean strains of against the wheat crown and root rot pathogens var. , , and . Two field experiments were carried out on artificially infested soil during two consecutive seasons (2016-2017 and 2017-2018) in an Andisol soil of southern Chile. Control treatments (not inoculated with fungi) were also included. Each treatment included a seed treatment of spring wheat cv. Pantera-INIA with and without the bacterial consortium. Both phytosanitary damage (incidence and severity) and agronomic components were evaluated. Bacterial populations with the + gene in the wheat plant rhizosphere during anthesis state (Z6) were also quantified. In both seasons, infection severity decreased by an average of 16.8% in seeds treated with consortium, while yield components such as spikes m and number of grains per spike increased. The use of antagonistic bacteria resulted in a total yield increase only during the first experimental season (P < 0.05). In general, accumulated rainfall influenced the antagonistic effect of the consortium of strains, accounting for the differences observed between the two seasons. The results suggest that this consortium applied on seeds can promote plant growth and protect wheat crops against crown and root rot pathogens in Southern Chile under field conditions.
用拮抗细菌进行种子处理可降低小麦作物冠腐病和根腐病的严重程度。本研究的目的是评估由三株智利菌株组成的细菌联合体对小麦冠腐病和根腐病病原体 变种、、和 的潜在拮抗活性。在智利南部的一种安第斯土壤中，于连续两个季节（2016 - 2017年和2017 - 2018年）在人工感染的土壤上进行了两项田间试验。还设置了对照处理（未接种真菌）。每个处理包括对春小麦品种Pantera - INIA进行有或没有细菌联合体的种子处理。对植物检疫损害（发病率和严重程度）以及农艺成分进行了评估。还对开花期（Z6）小麦植株根际中带有 + 基因的细菌种群进行了定量。在两个季节中，用 联合体处理的种子感染严重程度平均降低了16.8%，而诸如每平方米穗数和每穗粒数等产量构成因素增加。仅在第一个试验季节，使用拮抗细菌导致总产量增加（P < 0.05）。总体而言，累积降雨量影响了 菌株联合体的拮抗作用，这解释了两个季节之间观察到的差异。结果表明，在田间条件下，这种应用于种子的 联合体可促进智利南部小麦作物的生长并保护其免受冠腐病和根腐病病原体的侵害。
