Minal Patel, Emily M. Donovan, Siobhan N. Perks, Lauren Czaplicki, and Barbara A. Schillo are with the Schroeder Institute at Truth Initiative, Washington, DC. Maham Akbar and Stacey Gagosian are with Truth Initiative, Washington, DC. At the time of this research, Darlene Huang was with the O'Neill Institute for National and Global Health Law, Georgetown University Law Center, Washington, DC.
Am J Public Health. 2020 Sep;110(9):1380-1385. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2020.305771. Epub 2020 Jul 16.
To describe how US states and the District of Columbia regulate e-cigarette sales by examining e-cigarette-specific tobacco retail licensing (TRL) laws. We coded 25 state-level e-cigarette TRL laws (effective as of January 1, 2020) for provisions we labeled as either "core" (e.g., presence of license terms, fees, and penalties) or "descriptive" (e.g., license fee amount and term length). Overall, 23 laws clearly defined a license term, 23 laws required a license fee, and 19 laws identified penalties for violations that included both license suspension and revocation. Fees widely ranged ($5-$1000 annually), and 8 laws did not explicitly direct fees toward TRL administration or enforcement. No law required that retailers comply with all local, state, and federal tobacco or e-cigarette laws. Most laws contained core TRL provisions. Several laws, however, had minimal license fees and did not direct fees toward administration or enforcement. As youth e-cigarette use increases, more states should consider establishing e-cigarette TRL laws or incorporating provisions into existing TRL laws.
描述美国各州和哥伦比亚特区如何通过审查电子烟特定烟草零售许可证（TRL）法律来监管电子烟销售。我们对 25 项州级电子烟 TRL 法律（截至 2020 年 1 月 1 日生效）进行了编码，这些法律包含了我们标记为“核心”（例如许可证条款、费用和处罚的存在）或“描述性”（例如许可证费用金额和期限长度）的条款。总体而言，23 项法律明确规定了许可证期限，23 项法律要求缴纳许可证费用，19 项法律规定了违反规定的处罚措施，包括吊销和撤销许可证。费用范围广泛（每年 5 美元至 1000 美元），8 项法律并未明确将费用用于 TRL 管理或执行。没有法律要求零售商遵守所有当地、州和联邦的烟草或电子烟法律。大多数法律都包含核心 TRL 条款。然而，一些法律的许可证费用很低，且没有将费用用于管理或执行。随着青少年电子烟使用率的上升，应该有更多的州考虑制定电子烟 TRL 法律，或者在现有的 TRL 法律中纳入相关条款。
